2017年4月1日托福听说读写真题答案回忆蹲点汇总+解析
回忆1:
听力
lecture
1.月球的磁场(老题)
2.人工降雨
3.城市设计师
4.印象派喜剧
5.对比玛雅和西欧那个考古证据多(老题)
6.欧洲人口地图有问题
7.猫头鹰怎样辨位
8.珊瑚礁coral reef
9.Juniper
10.cloud seedling
11.expressionism&realistic
12.垃圾的处理方法
conversation
1.退订meal plan
2.找老师教延期论文
3.学生和building supervisor
4.和一个老师讨论搭便车的事
5.和老师讨论关于城堡的论文
6.课程调整和安排
7.女生对食物过敏问老师怎么吃饭
口语
Task 1
(三选一)you are going to choose one physical class from the following three: cycling, soccer and dancing. Explain the benefits for the class.
task2
你想上学校好,学费贵的学校还是学校比较不好,但给你提供奖学金的?
Tips
独立口语部分都是学习相关的,对你们来说应该很简答吧~
Task3
教授提供learning notes,但女孩不同意
Task4
peer reinforcement
Task5
女孩子有个问题,她的租金很贵,没钱在学校吃饭了。两个解决办法:1.自己在家做;2.用她暑假准备去墨西哥旅行的费用。
Task 6
幼小动物保护自己的方式
回忆2:
写作
独立作文:
When you have been friends with someone for a long time, it is important to continue your friendship with that person even if he or she does something you do not like.
Tips 老题,人际关系类,难度中等
综合作文
akkadian empire衰弱的三个假说、一个是反抗,一个是食物短缺,一个是交易不公平造成战争导致经济衰退。反驳一个是政府军不容易被击败,一个是有农业技术保障食物,最后说可以进行新的交易弥补短缺。
阅读
阅读又考了两套题,来看看你考了哪套,没按顺序,你自己自由组合吧!
1.绿色革命(Green Revolution),
2.美国邮政的发展(Mail),
3.鸟的起源
4.欧洲城市的兴起
5.害虫防治
6.墨西哥壁画(真题 2015.9.19 Mexican Mural Art 墨⻄哥壁画艺术)
回忆3:
口语
➤Task 1
大学生选一个体育课程,那你会更喜欢:足球、跳舞、骑自行车
➤Task 2
两个大学,一个学术水平高学费贵,一个有奖学金选哪个
➤Task 3
【阅读】提议教授给学生class note
【听力】女生不同意。
1.这样上课容易走神不理解;2 不会去上课
➤Task 4
【术语】Peer reinforcement
【例子】表扬正确的行为来纠正错误
➤Task 5
【问题】女生因为搬到很贵的公寓吃不起食堂了
【方案】1.在家做饭;2.把去墨西哥旅游的费用拿出来付饭钱
➤Task 6
动物幼崽有一些特性可以保护自己
1.baby lion
2.一种住在水里的鸟
写作
➤Writing 1
【阅读】作者总结三条世界上最早的帝国,没有存在很久的三个原因:一是城邦反了,二是没有足够的食物补给,三是与其他国家不公平的贸易。
【听力】
反对。那个帝国有足够的技术,以及他们有各种很好的交易,而且交易交通方式很多,还有跨洋的。
➤Writing 2
一段很长时间的友谊,如果朋友做了一些我们不喜欢的事,是不是要为了维持关系而忍受
回忆4:
A卷
Towns in the High Middle Ages
重复2016.09.11 和2015.12.05
Mexican Mural Art
重复2015.09.19和2014.12.27
Pest Control
重复2014.05.25
Increasing Jellyfish Populations
新题,加试文章
B卷
Increasing Jellyfish Populations
新题,加试文章
The Importance of Mail Service to the Early United States
重复2016.07.09
The Green Revolution
新题
The Origin and Rise of Modern Birds
重复2016.11.26下午场
不过值得一提的是,今天很多考生都是阅读加试,并且加试的文章并不是同一篇,考生遇到最多的一篇加试是:Increasing Jellyfish Populations。
而今天阅读两套里大多是老题,ETS今年虽然在考试形式上变化很多,但其实使用的新题非常少,大都是在重复2014-2016年大陆考过的老题。
这一方面说明,ETS出题成本太高(80万美金一套),所以出题量小。另一方面说明,托福考试的整体趋势还是稳定的。形式上的变化(多套试卷,阅读加试,听力非经典加试),并不能改变这个考试的内在。
除了阅读之外,今天听力,口语和写作都重复老题。
听力最难一篇讲座
今天最难的一篇讲座是第一个SECTION的第一篇考古学讲座,这篇讲座重复2015-05-09大陆真题,后来在2016-09-10下午场考过。今天是第三次考到。
这篇讲座是中世纪早期Early Middle Ages和罗马帝国Roman Empire的对比。在记笔记时,一定要首字母大写,并缩写。
1.What is the purpose of the lecture?
To demonstrate that archaeological evidence from ancient settlements can easily be misinterpreted.
2.What two features of buildings from the Early Ages does the professor mention?
Click on 2 answers.
Supporting posts made of wood
Thatched roofs
3.Why is pottery from the Early Middle Ages difficult for archaeologists to find?
Because its colors blend in with the earth
4.What does the professor imply about the remains found at Bradley Hill, compared to those found at Yeavering?
The remains found at Bradley Hill provide more concrete evidence of the population size.
5.What is the professor’s opinion about the population of Western Europe during the Early Middle Ages?
The population may have declined, but not as much as is generally believed.
6.What does the professor imply about population on-distribution maps?
They are not always accurate. 回忆5:
阅读难题解析和文章框架图
考题1
The phrase "this respect" in the passage refers to
A. enormous variations
B. being smaller
C. number of inhabitants
D. shared characteristics
解析:
难点一,很多考生误以为这是词汇题,而词汇题的通常问法是:The word/phrase "…" is closest in meaning to。这道题题干中的“refers to”表明这是代词指代题,需要读懂句子找清前后指代关系;
难点二,很多人不知道respect有名词用法,=aspect,表“方面”;
难点三,回到原文读考句,读不懂。该句为: One may call them towns because even though they varied enormously in numbers of inhabitants, and some were smaller than large villages in this respect, they shared certain characteristics that set them off from rural settlements. 表明从居民数量的方面来看,一些城镇比大村庄的居民数量还少,但它们仍然是城镇,共享着区别于村庄的某些特征。所以此题正确答案是C。
考题2
Because what distinguished towns from villages was not so much size as the density of economic and social activities, one writer has argued that an important criterion for town is the existence of traffic jams—the hustle and bustle of oxcarts, long lines of wagons bringing fruits and vegetables, raw materials, and finished goods to markets, and the parade of men and women coming to shop, visit, or attend meetings.
解析:
这是句子简化题所在考句,最大考点在于“not so much A…as B”句式真正意义的考查。在这里,否定A,而肯定B。即城镇区别于村庄的特征并不是其规模大小,而是其经济活动和社会活动的密集度。同样的句式表达还有less A than B。反过来,more A than B,就是肯定A而否定B了。这一考点在同一篇文章中又再次考到,看下题。
考题3
考句:In southern Europe there was more continuity from earlier settlement patterns. Growth came less from the creation of new towns than from the flow of immigrants to old settlements.
It can be inferred from paragraph 4 that urban growth in southern Europe was marked by
A. more people in a greater number of towns
B. more people in the same number of towns
C. development of new settlement patterns
D. movement of people into newly created towns
解析:
第一句话“In southern Europe there was more continuity from earlier settlement patterns.”属于抽象语言,对抽象语言的理解,一靠大量阅读的积淀,二靠向下文寻找具体对应。此句中的抽象概念“more continuity from earlier settlement patterns”,具体对应到下句的“the flow of immigrants to old settlements”。因为“less A than B”中,A是否定内容,B才是作者重点叙述的肯定内容。
所以综合两句信息来看,南欧地区城镇的增长是来自于移民涌入原有的老的定居点,而不是去建造新的定居点/新城镇。所以正确答案选B。
回忆6:
综合写作新题回顾
重复2014年6月15日及2016年3月13日的考题。
阅读主要观点提取:
有三个理由可以解释阿卡德王国为什么会在短时间内灭亡。
理由一:来自被攻取国家的反抗。阿卡德王国要求被攻取的国家缴纳高额的贡品,这些国家久而久之便不再愿意缴纳高额贡品,并举兵反抗,最终使得阿卡德王国灭亡。
理由二:粮食短缺。阿卡德王国的粮食主要来自于北部地区。然而,北部地区在一段时间内遭遇严重干旱,使得粮食无法正常供应,最终使得阿卡德王国灭亡。
理由三:遭遇贸易抵制。阿卡德王国和很多国家交易商品,但是交易时利用自身的强大欺压别国。之后,三分之二的国家联合起来抵抗阿卡德王国,导致该国经济颓废,最终灭亡。
听力主要观点提取:
阅读中的三个理由都不可信。
第一,这些被侵占的国家想要成功攻破阿卡德王国,唯有从它的内部进攻。然而,阿卡德王国在建立之初就毁掉了所有的城墙。所以,一旦他们对阿卡德王国展开进攻,很容易就被阿卡德的士兵击败。
第二,阿卡德王国的农业技术足以抵抗干旱。它有很好的灌溉技术,可以从远处调水。并且,他们还懂得如何长期存储粮食。所以,即使经历一段时间的干旱,阿卡德王国还是可以有足够的食物赖以生存。
第三,阿卡德王国的贸易伙伴总量没有减少。虽然遭遇到一部分国家的抵抗,但是阿卡德王国一直在寻找新的贸易伙伴,东至南亚次大陆,西至地中海。所以,新的贸易伙伴会弥补阿卡德王国经济贸易的损失。
满分范文:
The writer puts forward three explanations for why the Akkadian Empire did not last long. However, the professor points out that none of the explanations is convincing.
First, as for the rebellions of the conquered city-states, the professor demonstrates that the rebel would not succeed. The only chance that the city-state rebels could successfully resist the central government was they can fight inside the city. But it was impossible because the defensive walls had been destroyed by the empire. So the rebellions would be easily defeated.
Second, the professor states that the Akkadians had the ability to solve the bad weather conditions which is different from the reading. It was because the Akkadians had excellent agricultural technology to help them deal with the bad weather conditions. Their irrigation techniques allowed them to bring water from long distance and they had the knowledge to store food for a long period. As a result, they could have enough food supply even during a long period of reduced rainfall.
Finally, contrary to the opinion of the reading that the loss of old trading partners caused the empire’s downfall, the professor says that the new trading partners could make up the loss. The empire constantly searched for new trading partners from the Indian subcontinent to Mediterranean Sea. So they still could get enough resources they relied on.
独立写作解析
重复2015年5月30日的考题,难度中等。
Question:
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
When you have been friends with someone for a long time, it is important to continue your friendship with that person even if he or she does something you do not like.
Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
【推荐写法】折中法
开头段:首先提出背景——友谊的重要意义。接着阐述本题干的争论;最后,提出自己的观点——到底要不要继续这段友谊取决于老朋友所做的事情的性质。
分论点一:如果老朋友做了违背法律或者社会公德的的事情,那么友谊不再继续。因为朋友对自己的影响很大,特别是青少年时期的朋友。若这时候还不远离这样的朋友,自己有可能会陷入困境。
分论点二:如果老朋友做的我不喜欢的事情,只是一些不触碰原则的小错误,可以原谅并帮助他改进。人无完人Gold can't be pure and man can't be perfect.所以,朋友之间相处需要懂得互相包容。接下来举几个朋友会做的你不喜欢的事情,如说谎、吸烟等。并论述如何与朋友沟通,并帮助朋友解决问题。
结尾段:再次重申总论点
回忆7:
口语TASK6解析
讲座要点总结
这是一篇生物学讲座,它围绕幼小动物应对野外险境的两个暂时性身体保护机制(two temporary features that help young animals survive in the wild)展开话题。
第一,幼崽通过伪装躲避捕食者(features that are useful for camouflage),这样它们便可以藏进树中或者灌木丛中,与环境融为一体,不被捕食者发现。例如,狮子宝宝生下来就有带斑点的皮毛。在它们三个月大,学会走路之前,这个特征允许它们躺在草丛中,融入非洲草原的环境,使捕食者很难发现它们。
第二,一些幼崽暂时性的身体特征能帮助他们在环境中快速地移动(develop temporary features that help them move quickly or efficiently in their environments)。
它们会以独特的方式移动,来躲避捕食者。但是当它们长大,并且学会其他保护自己的方式后,这种特征会消失。一种栖居在水上的鸟很好地例证了这一点。在这类雏鸟学会翱翔于天际前,它们的翅膀末端长出形如手指的特征,正是这种特征使它们灵活地穿梭于树木中,从而迅速逃离天敌的追击。当它们成年后,手指般的特征逐渐退化,翅膀也随之发育完善了。
讲座词汇总结
physical 身体的 temporary 短暂的 adaptation 适应 feature 特征 adulthood 成年 camouflage 伪装 bush 灌木丛 mature 成熟 blend 融合 spotted fur有斑点的皮毛
回忆8:
回忆9:
口语部分Speaking
T 1:
There will be three kinds of physical educational coursesin your school. All students are required to take one of them. Which one do youprefer: soccer, dance, or cycling.
Sample: I would like to take some dance lessons. To startoff, dancing is an alternative way to keep your body and mind healthy. You canlose weight, stay flexible, and reduce stress with a little dance. Like lasttime, I took part in the jazz dance that we prepared for the campus day. Themusic was so powerful and while you tried to follow pace of music and get themoves, you had to focus and sweat. Also, there are lots of inspiring dancersout there, full of energy and passion. You will know what I’m talking about ifyou also like the reality show So You Think You Can Dance. I would justlove to dance like them.
T 2:
Two offers. One is from a well-known and expensive universitythat is famous for its academic reputation. And the other is from a less knownuniversity which offers a scholarship to cover your tuition.
Sample: I would head for the more prestigious universityfor its long-term benefits. To begin with, the excellent academic programs,together with other outstanding educational resources, like the labs with moreup-to-date equipment and better faculty, help me to become moreprofessional in my field. Then I will be more likely to get a decent job in thefuture. The experience of many marketing majors from the Ivy League is inpoint. They get engaged in many exclusive projects in the top companies beforethey graduate. Also, the powerful alumninetwork is another perk. According to some HRs from the top universities,similar educational background does catch their eyes.
T 3:
Policy:教授是否提前给学生发notes;
R1:课上专心听讲,不用分心记笔记;
R2:便于学生复习;
Attitude:反对
T 4:
术语:Peer Reinforcement;
当学生出现行为问题时,可以使用间接的方法来进行纠正。比如说不直接批评不好的行为,而是表扬完全相反的行为。
T 5:
Problem:女生搬新公寓,手头紧,吃饭成问题;
S1:在家自己做饭;
S2:动用其他的经费,比如说之后要去墨西哥旅游的钱。
T 6:
动物常用的两种防御措施
1.伪装-camouflage:幼师的皮毛颜色图案帮助blend in with the surroundings;
2.快速移动的本领-the ability of past moving:幼鸟能在树枝上快速爬动。
回忆10:
写作部分Writing
独立写作:
当相识很久的朋友做了一些我们不喜欢的事情,是否要维持这段友谊?
维持:
R1.年代久远的友谊或者说老朋友的好处。展开可以考虑,老朋友通常能互相帮助,互相倾诉;
R2.有一定的方法可以解决自己的疑虑。展开可以考虑,直接沟通,了解缘由或者给予帮助。
不维持:
R1.老朋友的性格极有可能发生本质的改变;
R2.对朋友印象的改变,直接影响两人之间的相处模式。
“-Askto be heard.
Whether you decide to set up a face-to-face meeting withthe person, or communicate via telephone or electronic device, the goal is thesame: ask the person for time to express your thoughts and feelings about theconflict.
-Discussthe issue.
Some discussions in life are harder to have than others.When a conflict has occurred and negative feelings have grown, it is difficultto start the conversation. The goal would be to frame the conversation andguide it toward a peaceful resolution to manage the hurt and disappointment youare feeling.
-Apologizefor your contribution.
Most every conflict involves a misunderstanding or misconceptionof what someone did or said. There are things that you must do to loosen thetension in the situation. Taking responsibility for your role is an act thatfosters the open communication that you want, and is necessary to reach aresolution.”
综合写作:
Akkidian帝国覆灭的原因,阅读与听力部分的争执点在于:
P1: 所占领地区人民的反抗rebellion
P2: food supply出现问题
P3: 贸易争端引发的战争
回忆11:
听力部分Listening
C1
学生询问了推荐信的事情,但是这不是重点,后来开始谈论一个叫Green Building Tour的项目,这个女生要参加,所以向教授询问一些相关内容,教授介绍说了这些建筑的特色,着重讲了一个叫Pump-heat system的技术,正因为为了展示这个技术,这个项目才在冬天举行了。后来学生说可不可以参观fitness center。教授说这没啥特色。
C2
学生和教授就一个作业展开对话。学生要写一个关于城堡的小论文,但是不知道怎么组织,以及参考文献(references)格式。教授询问他已经做的一些研究状况,最后教授建议他参加一个weekly workshop,可以得到关于参考文献格式的介绍和小册子(brochure)。
C3
学生感谢教授让他论文延期的事情,后来重点讨论的其实是学生参加的一个Market Planning小组项目。说到其进程,学生说还没完,教授就说是不是有组员没有努力做,学生说没有。但任务量分配的不合理,别的同学有的任务都做完了但他的却做不完,教授让他把自己的任务再细分,让别人分担一些。
L1-Architecture
city-planning
教授介绍了一本建筑书籍,作者Ed Bacon,他是20世纪人,贡献有建造老城区及复兴society hill,主张建筑与周围环境协调并考虑居住者的感受,他也受到其他建筑家的影响。
L2-Archaeology
历史遗迹不能说明一切!有时候还原的不一定是真相!
中世纪早期历史遗迹Yeavering vs 古罗马时期历史遗迹Bradley Hill。前者为木质茅草顶,不结实,所以留存下来的很少,瓷器色泽与土相近,不容易被发现。后者的建筑多为混凝土,屋顶为瓦,很结实故留存下来的多,瓷器闪闪发光因此很容易被发现。
L3-Biology
土地用途改变产生的影响
Juniper(刺柏)得以扩张的原因及危害
L4-Biology
Coralreef
1)珊瑚的简介
2)珊瑚的生存条件
3)珊瑚面临的问题 bleaching(白化)
4)如何保护珊瑚
L5-Meteorology
Cloud-seeding的过程
涉及术语-Bergeron process
L6-Art
Expression表现主义。
对比Expressionism 与Realism以及Expressionism在theatre的体现,playscript.
回忆12:
阅读部分Reading
第一篇:生物类Increasing Jellyfishpopulation
第一段:Whether we shouldworry about the increasing jellyfish population.
第二段:指出导致 jellyfish population 增加的因素,其一是人们对 seafood的喜爱导致 overfishing,使得 predator 的数量减少。
第三段:指出另一个因素是 jellyfish’s thrivefeatures: global warming and acidification.
第四段:海水富营养化。
第五段:other aquatic lifeforms cannot exist, 但是 jellyfish 有几个特征使得其能生存:good survival rates, rapidreproduce and low oxygen level。
第六段:benefits fromglobalization
第二篇:社会类 The Importance ofMail Service in the Early United States
第一段: America formation promotescirculation of news and information, both velocity and volume ,people trades with one another indistance.
第二段:The United States PostOffice makes news circulation easy and free. 随后介绍了 two decisions that help postalsystem to improve integrate nation: one is post office is granted to sell allthe newspapers at low price, another is Congress never turning down anypetition for new road or new post service.
第三段:提出虽然 post service 由 political purpose 决定,但是它也影响了business,举了 wheat 的例子。
第四段:transportationimprovements. new built roads 提高了 mail service 的 capacity and speed up service,too。随着交通的发展,越来越多的方式 can deliver mails:sailing ship, stagecoach,steamboat, canal boat and railroad.
第三篇:农业类The Green Revolution
第一段:The green revolutioncan date as far back to 1930s. 农业科学家做实验以 manipulate the seedof crops to improve productivity. 随后指出科学家把中国大米和印度大米作为 parents 研究出IR8,优点是 bigger head of grainand stronger stem。虽然 IR8 提高了产量,但是科学家仍然不满足,于是研究出了 IR36,优点是:来自 13 个 parents(母本),可以抵抗 15 种 pests,110 days of growing period andthree crops each year。
第二段:global hunger makesthe green revolution extraordinary。Indiacan be self-sufficient in crop production and Asia increases the crop production.
第三段:非洲的地理环境使得其受益较小,故科学家研发出新的 super rice,which can be transplanted thatdepended on seeding directly instead of seedling。
第四段:指出 the green revolution 有很多 detractors,比如 chemical fertilizers andpesticides can reduce the organic matter in the soil, and many small-scalefarmers lack of financial resource to purchase genetical enhanced seeds.
第四篇:生物类The Origin And Rise ofModern Birds
第一段:指出 all bird groups areclassified as Neornithes, 科学家使用 K-T extinction 作为新旧鸟类的 dividing line.
第二段:传统认为 modern birds 起源于 cenozoic。
第三段:指出有新的研究利用 molecule timeestimation 得出modern birds实际上起源于 Cretaceous.
第四段:指出尽管 molecule timeestimation 是根源于 gene sequence,但是不能解释导致 mass extinction 产生的 evolution process.
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