2022年7月23日中国大陆雅思A类G类机考真题回忆+答案汇总（听说读写答案+机经整理汇总）
回忆1：
小作文：柱状图
大作文：优缺点比较
More and more people move from the countryside to big cities. Does this development bring more advantages or disadvantages to the environment?
回忆2：
雅思阅读部分
第一篇：冰河世纪
第二篇：保护一种鸟Saving the British Bitterns
原文：
A.
Breedingbitterns became extinct in the UK by 1886 but, following re-colonisation earlylast century, numbers rose to a peak of about 70 booming (singing) males in the1950s, falling to fewer than 20 by the 1990s. In the late 1980s it was clearthat the bittern was in trouble, but there was little information on which tobase recovery actions.
B.
Bitternshave cryptic plumage and a shy nature, usually remaining hidden within thecover of reed bed vegetation. Our first challenge was to develop standardmethods to monitor their numbers. The boom of the male bittern is its mostdistinctive feature during the breeding season, and we developed a method tocount them using the sound patterns unique to each individual. This not onlyallows us to be much more certain of the number of booming males in the UK, butalso enables us to estimate local survival of males from one year to the next
C.
Ourfirst direct understanding of the habitat needs of breeding bitterns came fromcomparisons of reed bed sites that had lost their booming birds with those thatretained them. This research showed that bitterns had been retained in reedbeds where the natural process of succession, or drying out, had been slowedthrough management. Based on this work, broad recommendations on how to manageand rehabilitate reed beds for bitterns were made, and funding was provided throughthe EU LIFE Fund to manage 13 sites within the core breeding range. Thisproject, though led by the RSPB, involved many other organisations.
D.
Torefine these recommendations and provide fine-scale, quantitative habitatprescriptions on the bitterns preferred feeding habitat, we radio-tracked malebitterns on the RSPB’s Minsmere and Leighton Moss reserves. This showed clearpreferences for feeding in the wetter reed bed margins, particularly within thereed bed next to larger open pools. The average home range sizes of the malebitterns we followed (about 20 hectares) provided a good indication of the areaof reed bed needed when managing or creating habitat for this species. Femalebitterns undertake all the incubation and care of the young, so it wasimportant to understand their needs as well. Over the course of our research,we located 87 bittern nests and found that female bitterns preferred to nest inareas of continuous vegetation, well into the reed bed, but where water wasstill present during the driest part of the breeding season.
E.
Thesuccess of the habitat prescriptions developed from this research has beenspectacular. For instance, at Minsmere, booming bittern numbers graduallyincreased from one to 10 following reed bed lowering, a management techniquedesigned to halt the drying out process. After a low point of 11 booming malesin 1997, bittern numbers in Britain responded to all the habitat managementwork and started to increase for the first time since the 1950s.
F
Thefinal phase of research involved understanding the diet, survival and dispersalof bittern chicks. To do this we fitted small radio tags to young bitternchicks in the nest, to determine their fate through to fledging and beyond.Many chicks did not survive to fledging and starvation was found to be the mostlikely reason for their demise. The fish prey fed to chicks was dominated bythose species penetrating into the reed edge. So, an important element ofrecent studies (including a PhD with the University of Hull) has been thedevelopment of recommendations on habitat and water conditions to promotehealthy native fish populations
G.
Onceindependent, radio-tagged young bitterns were found to seek out new sitesduring their first winter; a proportion of these would remain on new sites tobreed if the conditions were suitable. A second EU LIFE funded project aims toprovide these suitable sites in new areas. A network of 19 sites developedthrough this partnership project will secure a more sustainable UK bittern populationwith successful breeding outside of the core area, less vulnerable to chanceevents and sea level rise.
H.
By 2004,the number of booming male bitterns in the UK had increased to 55, with almostall of the increase being on those sites undertaking management based on advicederived from our research. Although science has been at the core of the bitternstory, success has only been achieved through the trust, hard work anddedication of all the managers, owners and wardens of sites that have implemented,in some cases very drastic, management to secure the future of this wetlandspecies in the UK. The constructed bunds and five major sluices now control thewater level over 82 ha, with a further 50 ha coming under control in the winterof 2005/06. Reed establishment has principally used natural regeneration orplanted seedlings to provide small core areas that will in time expand tocreate a bigger reed area. To date nearly 275,000 seedlings have been plantedand reed cover is extensive. Over 3 km of new ditches have been formed, 3.7 kmof existing ditch have been re-profiled and 2.2 km of old meander (formerestuarine features) has been cleaned out.
I.
Bitternsnow regularly winter on the site some indication that they are staying longerinto the spring. No breeding has yet occurred but a booming male was present inthe spring of 2004. A range of wildfowl breed, as well as a good number of reedbed passerines including reed bunting, reed, sedge and grasshopper warblers.Numbers of wintering shoveler have increased so that the site now holds a UKimportant wintering population. Malltraeth Reserve now forms part of the UKnetwork of key sites for water vole (a UK priority species) and 12 monitoringtransects has been established. Otter and brown-hare occur on the site as doesthe rare plant. Pillwort.
Questions14-20
Thereading passage has seven paragraphs, A-H.
Choosethe correct heading for paragraphs A-H from the list below.
Writethe correct number, i-ix, in boxes 14-20 on your answersheet.
| | |
| research findings into habitats and decisions made |
| fluctuation in bittern number |
| protect the young bittern |
| international cooperation works |
| Began in calculation of the number |
| |
| Research has been successful. |
| research into the reedbed |
| reserve established holding bittern in winter |
14 _____________ ParagraphA
15 _____________ ParagraphB
16 _____________ ParagraphC
17 _____________ ParagraphD
18 _____________ ParagraphF
19 _____________ ParagraphG
20 _____________ ParagraphH
Questions21-26
Answerthe questions below.
Choose NOMORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.
When didthe birth of bitten reach its peak of number?
21 _________________
Whatdoes the author describe the bittern’s character?
22 _________________
What isthe main cause for the chick bittern’s death?
23 _________________
What isthe main food for chick bittern?
24 _________________
Whatsystem does it secure the stability for bittern’s population?
25 _________________
Besidesbittern and rare vegetation, what mammals does the plan benefit?
26 _________________
Questions27
Choosethe correct letter, A, B, C or D.
Writeyour answers in box 27 on your answer sheet.
27Whatis the main purpose of this passage?
AMaincharacteristic of a bird called bittern.
BCooperationcan protect an endangered species.
CThedifficulty of access information of bittern’s habitat and diet.
DTo savewetland and reedbed in UK.
答案：
14-20 匹配
14. ii
15. V
16. i
17. viii
18. vi
19. iii
20. iv
21-26 简答
21. 1950s
22. (being) shy/ shyness
23. starvation
24. (native) fish
25. partnership project/network (of sites)
26. Otter and brown-hare
27 选择
27.B
第三篇：打哈欠的秘密The secret of the Yawn
原文：
A
When a scientist began to study yawning in the 1980s, it was difficultto convince some of his research students of the merits of “yawning science.”Although it may appear quirky (诡异) his decision to study yawning was a logicalextension to human beings of my research in developmental neuroscience,reported in such papers as “Wing-flapping during Development and Evolution.” Asa neurobehavioral problem, there is not much difference between thewing-flapping of birds and the face- and body-flapping of human yawners.
B
Yawning is an ancient, primitive act. Humans do it even before they areborn, opening wide in the womb (子宫) . Some snakes unhingetheir jaws to do it. One species of penguins yawns as part of mating. Only noware researchers beginning to understand why we yawn, when we yawn and why weyawn back. A professor of cognitive neuroscience at Drexel University inPhiladelphia, Steven Platek, studies the act of contagious yawning, somethingdone only by people and other primates.
C
In his first experiment, he used a psychological test to rank people ontheir empathic (感情嵌入的) feelings. He found that participants who did notscore high on compassion did not yawn back. “We literally had people saying,‘Why am I looking at people yawning?” Professor Platek said. “It just had noeffect.”
D
For his second experiment, he put 10 students in an magnetic resonanceimaging machine as they watched video tapes of people yawning. When thestudents watched the videos, the part of the brain which reacted was the partscientists believe controls empathy – the posterior cingulate (皮层的) , in thebrain’s middle rear.” I don’t know if it’s necessarily that nice people yawnmore, but 1 think it’s a good indicator of a state of mind,” said ProfessorPlatek. “It’s also a good indicator if you’re empathizing with me and payingattention.”
E
His third experiment is studying yawning in those with brain disorders,such as autism and schizophrenia, in which victims have difficulty connectingemotionally with others. A psychology professor at the University of Maryland,Robert Provine, is one of the few other researchers into yawning. He found thebasic yawn lasts about six seconds and they come in bouts with an interval ofabout 68 seconds. Men and women yawn or half-yawn equally often, but men aresignificantly less likely to cover their mouths which may indicate complexdistinction in genders.” A watched yawner never yawns，,” ProfessorProvine said. However, the physical root of yawning remains a mystery. Someresearchers say it’s coordinated within the hypothalamus (下丘脑) of the brain,the area that also controls breathing.
F
Yawning and stretching also share properties and may be performedtogether as parts of a global motor complex. But they do not alwaysco-occur—people usually yawn when we stretch, but we don’t always stretch whenwe yawn, especially before bedtime. Studies by J. I. P , G. H. A.Visser and H. F. Prechtl in the early 1980s, charting movement in thedeveloping fetus using ultrasound, observed not just yawning but a link betweenyawning and stretching as early as the end of the first prenataltrimester (预产期）.
G
The most extraordinary demonstration of the yawn-stretch linkage occursin many people paralyzed on one side of their body because of brain damagecaused by a stroke. The prominent British neurologist Sir Francis Walshe notedin 1923 that when these hemiplegics yawn, they are startled and mystified toobserve that their otherwise paralyzed arm rises and flexes automatically inwhat neurologists term an “associated response.” Yawning apparently activates.undamaged, unconsciously controlled connections between the brain and the cordmotor system innervating the paralyzed (瘫痪的) limb. It is not knownwhether the associated response is a positive prognosis for recovery, norwhether yawning is therapeutic for reinnervation(再生) or prevention of muscularatrophy.
H
Clinical neurology offers other surprises. Some patients with“locked-in” syndrome, who are almost totally deprived of the ability to movevoluntarily, can yawn normally. The neural circuits for spontaneous yawningmust exist in the brain stem near other respiratory and vasomotor centers,because yawning is performed by anencephalic(无脑畸形) who possess only themedulla oblongata (脊髓延髓). The multiplicity of stimuli of contagiousyawning, by contrast, implicates many higher brain regions.
Complete the Summary paragraph described below. In boxes 28-32 on your answer sheet, write the correct answer with No MORE THAN THREE WORDS.
Questions 33-37
Write the correct letter A-H for question 33-37
34 Yawning is an inherent ability that appears in both animals and humans.
36 Yawning may suggest people are having positive notice or response in communicating.
Questions 38-40
In boxes 38-40 on your answer sheet, write
FALSE if the statement is false
38 Several students in Platek' s experiment did not comprehend why their tutor ask them to yawn back.
40 Yawning can show an affirmative impact on the recovery from brain damage brought by a stroke.
答案：
28. 68 seconds 29.(comples)distinction 30.breathing
31.stretch/stretching 32.brain 33.E 34.B
35.F 36.D 37.H 38.NOT GIVEN 39.YES 40.NO
回忆3：
雅思听力部分
Part 1 答案缺失
Part 2 某个小岛旅游的注意事项
题型：选择
11. what are the tips to taxi drivers
A. as much as you feel right
12. what about the medical service
A. might be charged
13. bottled water’s feature?
C. has an unusual taste
14. what attention should be paid to bottled water?
B. the sealed jar
15. how do you think of bus
C. not comfortable and bumpy roads
16. how do you know the buses’ destinations
C. better check with the driver
17. how should you rent a car
C. compare the price in advance yourselves
18. what should be paid attention to rent a car
B. included unlimited mileage/what are included in the price
19. how to find a taxi easily
C. stop on the street
20. what should be paid attention to the taxi fee
C. confirm the price before you get in
Part 3 考古课程
21, classical histroy
22, compulsory
23, objective matters
24, classification
25, course work
26, towns and cities
27, origins
28, oral
29, location
30, seminars
Part 4 计算机对教育的影响
题型：选择+匹配
31-33 选择
31. the author Marcy Jane believe that digital technology can
A. change student’s thinking pattern
32. which one is correct about digital immigration?
B. they are less efficient in using the technology
33. what does the author say about digital accent?
B. people use old fashioned way to do things
34-40 匹配
A. Allen (女的)
B. James （支持计算机用于教学）
C. Vander
34. the teaching methods are not useful: B
35. students are not interested in computer: A
36. students can still learn in traditional method: B
37. teachers can not be replaced by computer: C
38. a lot of students do not know how to research by computer: A
39. we should teach students by games: B
40. computer may distract student’s attention: C
回忆4：
小作文: 柱图 在美国，不同年龄的人玩游戏用的不同电子设备的对比
大作文：More and more people move from the countryside to big cities.Does this development bring more advantages or disadvantages to the environment?
回忆5：
听力
回忆6：
回忆7：
回忆8：
回忆9:
回忆10：
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