例1
Scientists felt that they could get an idea of how long the extinctions took by determining how long it took to deposit this one centimeter of clay and they thought they could determine the time it took to deposit the clay by determining the amount of the element iridium (Ir) it contained.
The boss was satisfied with what the young man did.
老板对那个年轻人干的工作很满意。
例2
Hearing the stories may lead preschoolers to encode aspects of events that allow them to form memories they can access as adults.
托福阅读文章句子成分分析:Hearing the stories,动名词做主语,may lead 做谓语动词,that 定语从句修饰events,同时that在从句中做主语,them 指代preschoolers.最后they can access as adults.实际上是they 前面省略了that,因为that 在从句中做宾语(如果关系代词在限制性定语从句中做宾语,通常把关系代词省略掉)。省略关系代词的例句:X is a good skirt (that )I have always wanted to buy.
Do you know the girl who is speaking with Mr. Wang?
Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a modern city.
例3
It is significant that the earliest living thing that built communities on these islands are examples of symbiosis, a phenomenon that depends upon the close cooperation of two or more forms of life and a principle that is very important in island communities.
句子成分分析:it 做形式主语,that 从句做真正的主语,第二个that 引导的从句做定语从句修饰the earliest living thing , 同时that 在从句中做主语,逗号后面a phenomenon 是解释symbiosis 的,that 从句修饰 phenomenon ,同时that 做主语,and 并列连词,连接 a phenomenon 和a principle , 最后一个that 是修饰 a principle,同时 that 从句的主语。