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非洲雅思考区真题预测答案：南非、埃及、尼日利亚、阿尔及利亚、摩洛哥、赞比亚、科特迪瓦等非洲地区雅思预测机经2019年10月11月12月A类G类真题预测答案范文机经汇总
2019年10月12日英国,德国,法国等欧洲考区雅思A类、G类笔试真题回忆+答案汇总 回忆1： 英国 大作文lectures were used as a way of teaching large numbers of student, but now with the development of technology for education, many people think there is no justification for attending lectures. 回忆2： 阅读 第一篇：巧克力 文章大意：业余作家探讨食物类话题，巧克力的软硬度、发展历史、各个国家对巧克力的不同、历史资料巧克力…… T/F/NG
1. 这本书比其他书更多提到18世纪以前什么历史 我写的是T
2. 写了一个NG
Matching题
就记得有一道说是importance in native continent 我选的是chapter2好像
填空
England ，coffee and tea ,有一个milk 还有那个work of +美国的那个人名
第二篇：各国钱币 文章大意：讲述世界各国各种奇怪的钱的形式，包括中国的银元，日本的钱币，还有非洲等地各种奇葩的钱 部分答案： 14. silver ingots 15. it is hard to obtain 16. worth a higher value 17. the chief of a tribe 货币怎样制造的：配对 8： 把银质奢侈品融化制成20. obans 最重的日本货币 21. Penny 22. Cross在津巴布韦地区依然沿用巴比伦货币：24. Japanese family tree用在亚洲北部的几个国家给自己的新娘准备的项链
第三篇 Music: Language We All Speak（音乐通用语言） 原文： A Music isone of the human specie’s relatively few universal abilities.Without formaltraining, any individual, from Stone Age tribesman to suburban teenager has theability to recognize music and, in some fashion, to make it. Why this should beso is a mystery. After all, music isn’t necessary for getting through the day,and if it aids in reproduction, it does so only in highly indirect ways.Language, by contrast, is also everywhere- but for reasons that are moreobvious. With language, you and the members of your tribe can organize amigration across Africa, build reed boats and cross the seas, and communicateat night even when you can’t see each other. Modern culture, in all itstechnological extravagance, springs directly from the human talent for manipulatingsymbols and syntax. Scientists have always been intrigued by the connectionbetween music and language. Yet over the years, words and melody have acquireda vastly different status in the lab and the seminar room. While language haslong been considered essential to unlocking the mechanisms of humanintelligence, music is generally treated as an evolutionary frippery-mere“auditory cheesecake,” as the Harvard cognitive scientist Steven Pinker putsit.
B But thanks to a decade-long waveof neuroscience research, that tune is changing. A flurry of recentpublications suggests that language and music may equally be able to tell uswho we are and where we’re from-not just emotionally, but biologically. InJuly, the journal Nature Neuroscience devoted a special issue to the topic. Andin an article in the August 6 issue of the Journal of Neuroscience, DavidSchwartz, Catherine Howe, and Dale Purves of Duke University argued that thesounds of music and the sounds of language are intricately connected.
To grasp the originality of this idea, it’s necessary to realize two thingsabout how music has traditionally been understood. First, musicologists havelong emphasized that while each culture stamps a special identity onto itsmusic; music itself has some universal qualities. For example, in
virtually all cultures sound is divided into some or all of the 12 intervalsthat make up the chromatic scale-that is, the scale represented by the keys ona piano. For centuries, observers have attributed this preference for certaincombinations of tones to the mathematical properties of sound itself. Some2,500 years ago, Pythagoras was the first to note a direct relationship betweenthe harmoniousness of a tone combination and the physical dimensions of theobject that produced it. For example, a plucked string will always play anoctave lower than a similar string half its size, and a fifth lower than asimilar string two-thirds its length. This link between simple ratios andharmony has influenced music theory ever since.
C This music-is-moth idea isoften accompanied by the notion that music formally speaking at least, existsapart from the world in which it was created. Writing recently in The New YorkReview of Books, pianist and critic Charles Rosen discussed the long-standingnotion that while painting and sculpture reproduce at least some aspects of thenatural world, and writing describes thoughts and feelings we are all familiarwith, music is entirely abstracted from the world in which we live. Neitheridea is right, according to David Schwartz and his colleagues. Human musicalpreferences are fundamentally shaped not by elegant algorithms or ratios but bythe messy sounds of real life, and of speech in particular -which in turn isshaped by our evolutionary heritage.”The explanation of music, like theexplanation of any product of the mind, must be rooted in biology, not innumbers per se,”says Schwartz. Schwartz, Howe, and Purves analyzed a vastselection of speech sounds from a variety of languages to reveal the underlyingpatterns common to all utterances. In order to focus only on the raw sound,they discarded all theories about speech and meaning and sliced sentences intorandom bites. Using a database of over 100,000 brief segments of speech, theynoted which frequency had the greatest emphasis in each sound. The resultingset of frequencies, they discovered, corresponded closely to the chromaticscale. In short, the building blocks of music are to be found in speech. Farfrom being abstract, music presents a strange analog to the patterns created bythe sounds of speech. “Music, like the visual arts, is rooted in our
experience of the natural world,”says Schwartz. “It emulates our soundenvironment in the way that visual arts emulate the visual environment. “Inmusic we hear the echo of our basic sound-making instrument- the vocal tract.The explanation for human music is simple; still than Pythagoras’smathematical equations. We like the sounds that are familiar tousspecifically, we like sounds that remind us of us. This brings up somechicken-or-egg evolutionary questions. It may be that music imitates speechdirectly, the researchers say, in which case it would seem that languageevolved first. It’s also conceivable that music came first and language is ineffect an Imitation of song-that in everyday speech we hit the musical notes weespecially like. Alternately, it may be that music imitates the generalproducts of the human sound-making system, which just happens to be mostlyspeech. “We can’t know this,”says Schwartz. “What we do know is that they bothcome from the same system, and it is this that shapes our preferences.”
D Schwartz’s study also casts lighton the long-running question of whetheranimals understand or appreciate music.Despite the apparent abundance of “music” in the natural world-birdsong, whalesong, wolf howls, synchronizedchimpanzee hooting previous studies have found that many laboratory animalsdon’t show a great affinity for the human variety of music making. Marc Hauserand Josh McDermott of Harvard argued in the July issue of Nature Neurosciencethat animals don’t create or perceive music the way we do. The act thatlaboratory monkeys can show recognition of human tunes is evidence, they say,of shared general features of the auditory system, not any specific chimpanzeemusical ability. As for birds, those most musical beasts, they generallyrecognize their own tunes-a narrow repertoire-but don’t generate novel melodieslike we do. There are no avian Mozarts. But what’s been played to the animals,Schwartz notes, is human music. If animals evolve preferences for sound as wedo-based upon the soundscape (音响范围）in which theylive-then their “music” would be fundamentally different from ours. In the same way our scales derive from humanutterances, a cat’s idea of a good tune would derive from yowls and meows. Todemonstrate that animals don’t appreciate sounds the way we do, we’d
need evidence that they don’t respond to “music”constructed from their ownsound environment.
E No matter how the connectionbetween language and music is parsed, what is apparent is that our sense ofmusic, even our love for it, is as deeply rooted in our biology and in ourbrains as language is. This is most obvious with babies, says Sandra Trehub atthe University of Toronto, who also published a paper in the NatureNeuroscience special issue.For babies, music and speech are on a continuum.Mothers use musicalspeech to “regulate infants’emotional states.”Trehub says.Regardless of what language they speak, the voice all mothers use with babiesis the same: “something between speech and song.”Thiskind of communication“puts the baby in a trance-like state, which may proceed to sleep or extendedperiods of rapture.”So if the babies of the world could understand the latestresearch on language and music, they probably wouldn’t be very surprised. Theup shot, says Trehub, is that music may be even more of a necessity
than we realize.
Questions 27-31 .............................................................................
Reading Passage 3 has five sections A-E.
Choose the correct heading for each section from the list of headings below.
Write the correct number i-viii in boxes 27-31 on your answer sheet.
List of Headings
i. Animal sometimes make music.
ii. Recent research on music
iii. Culture embedded in music
iv. Historical theories review
v. Communication in music with animals
vi. Contrast between music and language
vii. Questions on a biological link with human and music
viii. Music is good for babies.
27 Section A
28 Section B
29 Section C
30 Section D
31 Section E
Questions 32-38.............................................................................
Look at the following people and list of statements below.
Match each person with the correct statement.
Write the correct letter A-Gin boxes 32-38 on your answer sheet.
List of Statements
A Music exists outside of the world in which it is created.
B Music has a common feature though cultural influences affect
C Humans need music.
D Music priority connects to the disordered sound around.
E Discovery of mathematical musical foundation.
F Music is not treated equally well compared with language
G Humans and monkeys have similar traits in perceiving sound.
32 Steven Pinker
33 Musicologists
34 Greek philosopher Pythagoras
35 Schwartz, Howe, and Purves
36 Marc Hauser and Josh McDermott
37 Charles Rosen
38 Sandra Trehub
Questions 39-40
.............................................................................
Choose the correct letter A, B, C or D
Write your answers in boxes 39-40 on your answer sheet.
39 Why was the study of animal’s music uncertain?
A Animals don’t have the same auditory system as humans.
B Experiments on animal’s music are limited.
C tunes are impossible for animal to make up.
D Animals don’t have spontaneous ability for the tests.
40 What is the main subject of this passage?
A Language and psychology.
B Music formation.
C Role of music in human society.
D Music experiments for animals.
27 vi 【原文参考依据-A】 Scientists have always been intrigued by the connection between music and language. 科学家也总是痴迷音乐和语言之间联系。 28 iv 【原文参考依据-b】第一句话To grash the originality of this idea,it's necessary to realize two things about how music has traditionally been understood. 29 ii 【原文参考依据-C】第一句schwartz,Howe,and Purves analyzed a vast selection of speech sounds form a varicty of languages to reveal the underlying patterns common to all utterances. 30 v 【原文参考依据-D】第2句Despite the apparent abundance of''music'' in the nautural world-birdsong,whalesong,wolf howls,synchronized chimpanzee hooting previous studies have found that many laboratory animals don't show a great affinity for the human variety of music making. 31 vii 【原文参考依据-E】第二段第一句For babies,music and speech are on a continuum,Mothers use musical speech to ''regulate infants''emotional states.'' 32 F 【原文参考依据-A】 While language has long been considered essential to unlocking the mechanisms of human intelligence,music is general to unlocking the mechanisms of human intelligence........Steven Pinker puts it. 33 B sectionB 【原文参考依据-B】First.mudicologists have long emphasized that while each culture stamps a special identity onto its music. 34 E 【原文参考依据-B】第二段 For centuries,observers have attributed this preference for certain combibations of tones to the mathematical properties of sound itself. 35 D 【原文参考依据- C】 Neither idea is right ,according to David Schwarz and his colleagues. 36 G 【原文参考依据- D】 “ The act that laboratory monkeys can show recgnitionof human tunes is evidence,they say, of shared general features of the auditory system, not any specific chimpanzee musical ability"As for birds,those most musical beats,they generally recognize their own tunes-a narrow repertoire-but don't generate novel melodies like we do. 37 A 【原文参考依据- C】Writing recently in The New YORK Review of books,pianist and critic Charles rosen discussed the long-standing notion that while painting and sculpture reproduce at least some aspects of the natual world. 38 C 【原文参考依据-E】第一句话For babies,music and speech are on a comtinuum,mothers used musical speech to ''regulate infants'emotional states.''Trehub says. 39 B 【原文参考依据-D】末句 To demonstrate that animals don't appreciate sounds the way we do. we'd need evidence that they don't respond to''music'' constructed from their own sound environment. 40 C 全文都在说音乐的重要性。 答案：
27 vi 28 iv 29 ii 30 v 31 vii 32 F
33 B 34 E 35 D 36 G 37 A 38 C
39 B 40 C
回忆3： 回忆4： 回忆5： 回忆6： 回忆7： 回忆8： 回忆9： 回忆10： 为更好地促进做好Edward艾华师最新预测,请烤鸭们积极回忆在本文下面评论栏目里面,请尽量详细,并标明城市考点,A/G类,听力,阅读,大小作文,谢谢！特请亚太其他国家,欧洲,北美,南美,非洲等其他考区的烤鸭们也积极回忆吧
2019年9月28日雅思考试总体反馈：重磅来袭！2019年9月28日雅思命中一半听力！命中多篇阅读、命中大小作文题目！命中口语绝大部分真题原题! 9月28日雅思A类G类听说读写全面大中,全面开花！（全球不同考区时差、A类、G类考生回忆不够齐全，待补充，还在不断更新中…）祝贺IRP会员将出现不少雅思高分人才！总体反馈请复制链接进入
特别提醒：雅思考试20多年来，有非常严格的规律性和出题思路。全世界有6大考区，而只有一个剑桥考试中心几个人在出题，每个考区一周平均要出一份考卷，一个月很多考区平均出24份考卷。（尤其是2018-2019年以来,中国大陆的广州、北京、上海、重庆，还有北美、澳洲、亚太、欧洲意大利罗马等城市考区开始增加雅思机考的选择，机考的城市几乎每天都有雅思考试，一个月考官要出20几份雅思机考卷子，机考跟传统纸质考试的区别只是纸质和电脑上考试的区别，考试内容、评分标准、难度等级、考试题型、考试安全设置等方面均与现行的纸笔模式完全一致。）雅思考试如此频繁，如何保证达到难度一样呢，如何保证新题难度、准确度和评价机制公平呢，所以只能是20年来的题库旧题目的有效组合，新题不能超出5%-10%,每份雅思卷子都是90%-99%以上旧题。每一份雅思考试试题其实是大部分旧题原题真题+个别新题目的重新组合，多年雅思考官和专家Edward老师非常熟悉雅思出题规律和听说读写题库出题组合卷子的秘诀，IRP资料因此而诞生！具体请阅读http://bbs.ieltstofelglobal.com/thread-32-1-1.html
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