回忆1：
阅读
第一个是奥运火炬 (Making of Olympic Torch)
原文：
A
Every two years, people around the world wait in anticipation as a torch-bearing runner enters the Olympic arena and lights the cauldron. The symbolic lighting of the Olympic flame marks the beginning of another historic Olympic Games. The opening ceremony is the end of a long journey for the Olympic torch. The ancient Greeks revered the power of fire. In Greek mythology, the god Prometheus stole fire from Zeus and gave it to humans. The Greeks held their first Olympic Games in 776 B. C. The Games, held every four years at Olympia, honored Zeus and other Greek gods. A constantly burning flame was a regular fixture throughout Greece. At the start of the Olympic Games, the Greeks would ignite a cauldron of flame upon the altar dedicated to Hera, goddess of birth and marriage.
B
The flame was reintroduced to the Olympics at the 1928 Amsterdam Games. A cauldron was lit, but there was no torch relay. The first Olympic torch relay was at the 1936 Berlin Summer Games and it was not introduced to the Winter Olympics until the 1952 Games. It was lit that year not in Olympia, Greece, but in Norway, which was chosen because it was the birthplace of skiing. But since the 196401ympics at Innsbruck, Austria, every Olympic Games - Winter and Summer - has begun with a torch-lighting ceremony in Olympia, Greece, followed by a torch relay to the Olympic stadium.
Designing an Olympic Torch
C
The torch starts out as an idea in the mind of a designer or group of designers. Several design teams submit proposals to the Olympic Committee for the opportunity to create and build the torch. The team that wins the assignment will design a torch that is both aesthetically pleasing and functional. A torch can take a year or two to design and build. And once the torch has been built, it must be tested rigorous^ in all kinds of weather conditions. The look of the modem Olympic
torch originated with John Hench, a Disney artist who designed the torch for the 1960 Winter Olympics in Squaw Valley, California. His design provided the basis for all future torches. Since then, designers have tried to create a torch that represents the host country and the theme for that Olympic Games.
D
The torch must then be replicated and replicated. It's not just one torch making the journey to the Olympic stadium; it's thousands. Anywhere from l0, 000 to 15, 000 torches are constructed to accommodate the thousands of runners who carry them through each leg of the Olympic relay. Each runner has the opportunity to purchase his torch at the end of his leg of the relay.
Olympic Torch fuel
E
The first torch used in the modem Olympics (the 1936 Berlin Games) was made of a thin steel rod topped with a circular piece from which the flame rose. It was inscribed with a dedication to the runners. The torch must stay lit for the entire length of its journey. It must survive wind, rain, sleet, snow, and a variety of climates (desert, mountain, and ocean). For fuel, early torches burned every thing from gunpowder to olive oil. Some torches used a mixture of hexamine (a mixture of formaldehyde and ammonia) and naphthalene (the hydrogen- and carbon-based substance in mothballs) with an igniting liquid. These substances weren't always the most efficient fuel sources, and they were sometimes dangerous. In the 1956 Games, the final torch in the relay was lit by magnesium and aluminum, burning chunks of which fell from the torch and seared the runner's arms. The first liquid fuels were introduced at the 1972 Munich Games. Torches since that time have carried liquid fuels - they are stored under pressure as a liquid, but burn as a gas to produce a flame. Liquid fuel is safe for the runner and can be stored in a lightweight canister. The torch designed for the 1996 Atlanta Summer Olympics has an aluminum base that houses a small fuel tank. As fuel rises through the handle, it is pushed through a brass valve with thousands of tiny openings. As the fuel squeezes through the small openings, it builds pressure. Once it makes it through the openings, the pressure drops, and the liquid fuel turns into a gas for burning. The tiny holes maintain a high pressure in the fuel to keep the flame going through harsh conditions.
F
The 1996 torch was fueled by propylene, which produced a bright flame. But because propylene contains a high level of carbon, it also produced a lot of smoke - not a plus for the environment. In 2000, the creators of the Sydney Olympic torch came up with a more lightweight, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly design. To fuel their torch, they decided on a mixture of 35 percent propane (the gas used to heat home stoves and barbecue grills) and 65 percent butane (cigarette lighter fuel), which ignites a strong flame without making a lot of smoke. Because the propane/butane mixture can be stored as a liquid under relatively light pressure, it can be kept in a lightweight container. It then burns as gas under normal atmospheric pressure. The liquid fuel is stored in an aluminum canister located about halfway up the torch. It flows up to the top of the torch through a pipe. Before leaving the pipe, the liquid fuel is forced through a tiny hole. Once it moves through the hole, there is a pressure drop, causing the liquid to turn into gas for burning. The torch moves the liquid fuel at a consistent rate to the burner, so the flame always bums with the same intensity. The torch can stay lit for about 15minutes.
G
The engineers behind both the 1996 and 2000 torches adopted a burner system that utilized a double flame, helping them to stay lit even in erratic winds. The external flame bums slowly and at a lower temperature than the internal flame. This flame is big and bright orange, so it can be seen clearly; but it is unstable in winds. The interior flame burns hotter, producing a blue flame that is small but very stable, because its internal location protects it from the wind. It would act like a pilot light, able to relight the external flame should it go out.
H
When the 2002 Olympic Torch, in Salt Lake City, the top section was glass, and the Olympic Flame burned within the glass, echoing the 2002 Olympic theme Light the Fire Within. The glass stood for purity, winter, ice, and nature. Also inside the glass was a geometric copper structure which helped hold the flame. The two silver sections also mirrored the blue/purple colors of the Fire and Ice theme.
Questions 1-3 Complete the summary below using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage.
Write your answers in boxes 1-4 on your answer sheet.
The Olympic torch, as Olympic Committee requested, is carefully designed which takes a years to design and build so that it is capable of withstanding all kinds of 1 ______and staying lit through widely differing weather conditions. The torch used in the modern Olympics which is to hold the 2 ______ And the torch must then be copied and thousands are built as demanded by the thousands of runners who carry them through. Each runner has the opportunity to 3 ______ his torch at completion of his journey of the relay for memorial and as for souvenirs
Questions 4-9
Match the following statements as applying to different Olympic flames A-H.
NB There are more choices than questions. You may not need all the choices.
A ancient Greek Olympic flames
B Berlin Games torch(1936)
C 1952 Winter Games flame
D 1956 Games torch
E Munich Games torch (1972)
F 1996 torch (Atlanta)
G 2000 torch (Sydney)
H 2002 torch (Salt lake city)
Write your answers in boxes 4-9 on your answer sheet.
4 first liquid fuel torch
5 not environmentally friendly
6 began to record the runners’ name
7 potential risky as it burnt runner’s arms
8 special for a theme
9 flame not lit in Greek
Questions 10-14 Diagram filling
The chart below shows the structure of the 1996 Olympic torch.
Complete the chart using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each blank.
答案解析：
1-3 summary
1. Climates
【原文参考依据--E段第四行】
The torch must stay lit for the entire length of its journey.It must survive wind ,rain, sleet,snow,and a variety of climates...
2. Flame
【原文参考依据--E段倒十一行】
......but burn as a gas to produce a flame. 这一题是需要通读文章才能得出结论的，比较不容易定位。
3. Purchase
【原文参考依据--D段末句】
Each runner has the opportunity to purchase his torch at the end of his leg of the relay.
4-9 matching
4. E
【原文参考依据--E段倒十三行】
The first liquid fuels were introduced atthe 1972 Munich Games.
5. F
【原文参考依据--F段第一二句】
The 1996 torch was fueled by propylene, which produced a bright flame. But because propylene contains a high level of carbon, it also produced a lot of smoke -- not a plus for the environment.
6. B
【原文参考依据--E段第三行】
It was inscribed with a dedication to the runners. 题干的“record(记录)”替换了原文的“inscribed(铭刻)”。
7. D
【原文参考依据--E段第十二行】
In the 1956 Games, the final torch in the relay was lit by magnesium and aluminum, burning chunks of which fell from the torch and seared the runner’s arms. 题干的“burnt(烧)”替代了原文的“seared(烤焦的，烧焦的)”。
8. H
【原文参考依据--H段首句】
When the 2002 Olympic Torch, in Salt lake city, the top section was glass, and the Olympic Flame burned within the glass,echoing the 2002 Olympic theme Light the Fire Within.
9. C
【原文参考依据--B段第四行】
......it was not introduced to the Winter Olympics until the 1952 Games. It was lit that year not in Olympia, Greece, but in Norway......
10-14 填图题
10. Fuel tank
【原文参考依据--E段倒九行】
The torch designed for the 1996 Atlanta Summer Olympics has an aluminum base that houses a small fuel tank.
11. Openings
【原文参考依据--E段倒六行】
As fuel rises through the handle, it is pushed through a brass valve with thousands of tiny openings.
12. Handle
【原文参考依据--E段倒七行】
As fuel rises through the handle, it is pushed through a brass valve with thousands of tiny openings.
13. Propylene
【原文参考依据--F段首句】
The 1996 torch was fueled by propylene, which produced a bright flame. 通过liquid fuel即可定位到F段首句，因为E段后半部分始终没有提到里面的燃料是什么。
14. Double flame
【原文参考依据--G段首句】
The engineers behind both the 1996 and 2000 torches adopted a burner system that utilized a double flame......
第二个：新兰农民公司（The Farmers! parade of history）
原文：
A
History of Farmer trading company: In 1909 Robert Laidlaw establishesmail-order company Laidlaw Leeds in Fort Street, Auckland. Then, Branchexpansion: purchase of Green and Colebrook chain store; further provincialstores in Auckland and Waikato to follow. Opening of first furniture and bootfactory. In 1920, Company now has 29 branches; Whangarei store purchased. Doorsopen at Hobson Street for direct selling to public. Firm establishes London andNew York buying offices. With permission from the Harbour Board, the largeFARMERS electric sign on the Wyndham Street frontage is erected.
B
In 1935,if the merchandise has changed, the language of the catalogues hasnt. RobertLaidlaw, the Scottish immigrant who established the century-old business, mighthave been scripting a modem-day television commercial when he told his earliestcustomers: Satisfaction, or your money back. "It was the first money backguarantee ever offered in New Zealand by any firm, " says Ian Hunter,business historian. "And his mission statement was, potentially, only thesecond one ever found in the world. " Laidlaws stated aims were simple tobuild the greatest business in New Zealand, to simplify every transaction, toeliminate all delays, to only sell goods it would pay the customer to buy.
C
This year,the company that began as a mail-order business and now employs 3500staffacross 58 stores turns 100. Its centenary will be celebrated with the releaseof a book and major community fundraising projects, to be announced next week.Hunter, who is writing the centenary history, says "coming to a Farmers storeonce a week was a part of the New Zealand way of life". By 1960, one inevery 10 people had an account with the company. It was the place where teenagegirls shopped for their first bra, where newlyweds purchased their first dinnersets, where first pay cheques were used to pay off hire purchase furniture,where Santa paraded every Christmas.
D
GaryBlumenthals mother shopped there, and so does he. The fondest memory for theRotorua resident? "We were on holiday in Auckland . . . I decided that upon the lookout tower on top of the Farmers building would be a unique place tofit the ring on my new fiancées finger. " The lovebirds, who had to waitfor "an annoying youth" to leave the tower before they could enjoytheir engagement kiss, celebrate their 50th wedding anniversary in June.
E
Farmers,says Hunter, has always had a heart. This, from a 1993 North & Southinterview with a former board chairman, Rawdon Busfield: "One day I was inthe Hobson Street shop and I saw a woman with two small children. They wereclean and tidily dressed, but poor, you could tell. That week we had a specialon a big bar of chocolate for one shilling. I heard the woman say to her boy,"no, your penny wont buy that. He wasnt wearing shoes. So I went up to theboy and said, "Son, have you got your penny? He handed it to me. It washot hed had it in his hand for hours. I took the penny and gave him thechocolate. "
F
Farmerswas once the home of genteel tearooms, childrens playgrounds and an annual saleof celebration for birthday of Hector the Parrot (the store mascot died, aged131, in the 1970s his stuffed remains still occupy pride of place at thecompanys head office). You could buy houses from Farmers. Its saddle factorysupplied the armed forces, and its upright grand overstrung pianos offered"the acme of value" according to those early catalogues hand-drawn byRobert Laidlaw himself. Walk through a Farmers store today and get hit bybright lights and big brands. Its Albany branch houses 16 international cosmeticscompanies. It buys from approximately 500 suppliers, and about 30% of those arelocally owned.
G
"Eight, 10 years ago, " says current chief executive Rod McDermott,"lots of brands wouldnt partner with us. The stores were quite distressed.We were first price point focused, we werent fashion focused. "Remove therose-tinted nostalgia, and Farmers is, quite simply, a business, doing businessin hard times. Dancing with the Stars presenter Candy Lane launches a clothingline? "We put a trial on, and we thought it was really lovely, but theuptake wasnt what we thought it would be. Its got to be what the customerwants, " says McDermott.
H
Heacknowledges retailers suffer in a recession: "Were celebrating 100 yearsbecause we can and because we should. " Farmers almost didnt pull throughone economic crisis. By the mid 1980s, it had stores across the country. It hadacquired the South Islands Calder Mackay chain of stores and bought out Haywrights. Then, with sales topping $375 million, it was taken over by Chase Corporation.
I
Lincoln Laidlaw, now aged 88, and the son of the companys founder, remembersthe dark days following the stock market crash and the collapse of Chase."I think, once, Farmers was like a big family and all of the people whoworked for it felt they were building something which would ultimately be totheir benefit and to the benefit of New Zealand. . . then the business wasbeing divided up and so that kind of family situation was dispelled and ithasnt been recovered. "For a turbulent few years, the stores werecontrolled, first by a consortium of Australian banks and later Deka, the MaoriDevelopment Corporation and Foodland Associated Ltd. In 2003, it went back to"family" ownership, with the purchase by the James Pascoe Group,owned by David and Anne Norman the latter being the great-granddaughter ofJames Pascoe, whose first business interest was jewellery.
J
"Sheer power of the brand, " says McDermott, "pulled Farmersthrough and now were becoming the brand it used to be again. " Farmerswere the company that, during World War II, topped up the wages of any staffmember disadvantaged by overseas service. Robert Laidlaw a committed Christianwho came to his faith at a 1902 evangelistic service in Dunedin concluded hisoriginal mission statement with the words, "all at it, always at it, winssuccess". Next week, 58 Farmers stores across the country will announcethe local charities they will raise funds for in their centenary celebrationeverything from guide dog services to hospices to volunteer fire brigades willbenefit. Every dollar raised by the community will be matched by the company."Its like the rebirth of an icon, " says McDermott.
题目：
The readingPassage has seven paragraphs A-J.Which paragraph contains the followinginformation? Write the correct letter A-J, in boxes 15-19 on your answer sheet.
14Generosity offered in an occasion for helping the poor E
15Innovation of offer made ahead of modem-time business by the head of company. B
16 Fashionwas not chosen as its strong point. G
17 Aromantic event on a memorial venue dedicating to Farmers. D
18 Farmerswas sold to a private owned company. I
Complete thefollowing summary of the paragraphs of Reading Passage, using no more than twowords from the Reading Passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes19-23 on your answer sheet.
Farmers wasfirst founded as a 19 in Auckland by Mr. Laidlaw. Farmers developed fast andbought one 20 then.
Duringoversea expansion, Farmers set up 21 in major cities outside New Zealand.Farmersheld a 22 in a sale once a year for the companys mascot animalSome senioremployee considered Farmers as a 23 both for themselves and for the wholecountry.
Questions24-26
Use the information in the passage to match the people (listed A-C) withopinions or deeds below. Write the appropriate letters A-C in boxes 24-27 onyour answer sheet.
NB you mayuse any letter more than once
A LincolnLaidlaw
B RodMcDermott
C Ian Hunter
24Productbecame worse as wrong aspect focused.
25 Anunprecedented statement made by Farmers in New Zealand.
26 Characterof the company was changed.
答案解析：
14 E【原文参考依据-E】小男孩one penny 买到巧克力的事件 = generosity
15 B【原文参考依据-B】创始人 robertlaidlow 提出超前的广告口号和服务理念
16 G【原文参考依据-G 第二句话】We werefirst price point focused, we weren’t fashion focused.
17 D 【原文参考依据-D】在总部大楼天台瞭望台（lookout tower）发生的纪念意义浪漫（ring）事件
18 I【原文参考依据-I】末句 it wentback to”family”ownership,with the purchase by the James Pascoe Group,owned byDavid and Anne Norman the latter being the great-granddaughter of JamesPascoe,whose first business interest was jewellery.
19-23
19 mail-order company【原文参考依据-A】第二行Laidlaw establishesmail-ordercompany Laidlaw Leeds in Fort Street,Auckland.A段的第1句
20 chain store 【原文参考依据-A】第四行expansion：purchase of Green and Colebrookchain store;
21 buying offices【原文参考依据-A】倒数第二行….and New Yorkbuying offices,Withpermission from the Harbour Board, the large FARMERS electric sign on theWyndham Street frontage is erected.
22 celebration （sale）【原文参考依据-F】第2行annual sale of celebration forbirthday of Hector the Parrot……..
23 big family【原文参考依据-I】once,Farmerswas like a big familyand all of the people who worked for it….
24-26
24 B【原文参考依据-G】原文见G段，选择了忽视消费者需求，一味追求价格为主……We were firstprice point focused, we weren’t fashion focused. “Remove the rose-tintednostalgia, and Farmers is, quite simply, a business, doing business in hardtimes. Dancing with the Stars presenter Candy Lane launches a clothing line?“We put a trial on, and we thought it was really lovely, but the uptake wasn’twhat we thought it would be. It’s got to be what the customer wants,” saysMcDermott.
25 C【原文参考依据-B】中部“It was thefirst money back guarantee ever offered in New Zealand by any firm,” says [ustyle=word-wrap: break-word;]Ian Hunter, business historian. “And hismission statement was, potentially, only the second one ever found in the world.””
26 A【原文参考依据-I】中部.. then thebusinesswas being divided up and so that kind of family situation was dispelledand ithasn’t been recovered.”
第三篇是貌似讲了一个什么细菌吧
回忆2：
Task1是欧洲一个国家的食物消费量三年的表格
Task2是有的人现在觉得博物馆和艺术画廊不需要了，因为在电脑上可以找到这些Objects and Work of art 问你同意不同意
回忆3：
阅读
第一个是奥运火炬
第二个是一个超市，叫Farmers
第三个讲一种虫子
回忆4：
听力
s1 BB Jacobs Engineer August 1st BACCB(选择不太记得了
S4 immune flu children irrigation roots weeds organic 还有的记不起来了
回忆5：
听力
Section 1 租房场景
1. what is the preferred location?
B. near leisure facilities
2. the accepted rent range is?
B. 450-600
3-5 填空
3. Name: Jacobs
4. Occupation: engineer
5. Date to move in: 1st August
6-10 匹配
6. Rough house: B. not sure
7. Winter House: A. very interested
8. Hamiton house: C. not interested
9. Milton house: C. not interested
10. Sugar house: A. very interested
Section 2 汽车博物馆
11. before he bought this house, it was a farm
12. a Chinese wallpaper was pained in the 18th century
13. there once was an old man who died in birds room
14. dining room has many antiques: he bought the chairs
15. rare trees are famous
16. recent introduce in a flamingos
17. the most popular animal is the black swans
18-20 匹配
18. books: E. gift shop
19. history exhibition: C. gallery barn
20. natural trails: F. woodland area
Section 3 学校课程安排与学习问题
21-23. what are the three useful things that Bridget find about accounting?
B. helpful teaching staff
C. important for future job
E. small tutorial classes
24-25. which two qualities of accounting course that Bridget mentioned
B. challenging content
D. practical focus
26-30 填空
Frank finds the Japanese course is quite hard. The 26. lectures of the course made it time-consuming. He is trying to improve his Japanese accent. He enjoys learning 27. vocabulary, but 28. grammar and 29. writing are difficult. Teachers for Japanese course are very patient but 30. strict.
Section 4 新西兰紫雏菊
31. improve your immune system
32. prevent people from flu
33. be effective particularly for children
34. the flowers of the Echinacea are used by North American
35. the climate of the area
36. sand in the soil
37. irrigation system
38. destroy weeds
39. dry roots of dead plants
40. use the bottle with a sign on to show it is organic
回忆6：
小作文：欧洲一个国家的食物消费量三年的表格
大作文：同意与否
Nowadays，Some people claim that public museums and art galleries will not be needed because people can see historical objects and works of art by using a computer. To what extent you agree or disagree with this opinion?
回忆7：
小作文：
类型：表格题
题目：weekly consumption of different types of foodper people in a European country in 1992 2002 2012。
大作文：
题目：
Nowadays，Some people claim that public museums and art galleries will not be needed because people can see historical objects and works of art by using a computer.To what extent you agree or disagree with this opinion?
回忆8：
回忆9：
回忆10：
为更好地促进做好Edward艾华师最新预测,请烤鸭们积极回忆在本文下面评论栏目里面,请尽量详细,并标明城市考点,A/G类,听力,阅读,大小作文,谢谢！特请亚太其他国家,欧洲,北美,南美,非洲等其他考区的烤鸭们也积极回忆吧
特别提醒：雅思考试20多年来，有非常严格的规律性和出题思路。全世界有6大考区，而只有一个剑桥考试中心几个人在出题，每个考区一周平均要出一份考卷，一个月很多考区平均出24份考卷。（尤其是2018-2019年以来,中国大陆的广州、北京、上海、重庆，还有北美、澳洲、亚太考区开始增加雅思机考的选择，机考的城市几乎每天都有雅思考试，一个月考官要出20几份雅思机考卷子，机考跟传统纸质考试的区别只是纸质和电脑上考试的区别，考试内容、评分标准、难度等级、考试题型、考试安全设置等方面均与现行的纸笔模式完全一致。）雅思考试如此频繁，如何保证达到难度一样呢，如何保证新题难度、准确度和评价机制公平呢，所以只能是20年来的题库旧题目的有效组合，新题不能超出5%-10%,每份雅思卷子都是90%-99%以上旧题。每一份雅思考试试题其实是大部分旧题原题真题+个别新题目的重新组合，多年雅思考官和专家Edward老师非常熟悉雅思出题规律和听说读写题库出题组合卷子的秘诀，IRP资料因此而诞生！具体请阅读http://bbs.ieltstofelglobal.com/thread-32-1-1.html
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