回忆1：
小作文是表格 大
作文问是商场应该卖少量带有包装的产品 还是 人们应该少买带有包装的产品 让讨论两个观点
回忆2：
阅读 阅读 左撇子 博物馆 还有一个啥忘记了
回忆3：
亚太阅读
第一篇：tattoo on tikopia
文章大意：
本文研究的是毛利人的传统纹身，先介绍背景(定义、历史)，科学家喜欢研究 这种纹身，然后介绍纹身的制作工艺，最后说了纹身的含义
原文：
A
There arestill debates about the origins of Polynesian culture, but one thing we canensure is that Polynesia is not a single tribe but a complex one. Polynesianswhich includes Marquesans , Samoans, Niueans, Tongans, Cook Islanders,Hawaiians, Tahitians, and Maori, arc genetically linked to indigenous peoplesof parts of Southeast Asia. It s a sub-region of Oceania, comprising of a largegrouping of over 1 ,000 islands scattered over the central and southern PacificOcean, within a triangle that has New Zealand, Hawaii and Easter Island as itscorners.
B
Polynesianhistory has fascinated the western world since Pacific cultures were firstcontacted by European explorers in the late 18th century. The small island ofTikopia, for many people - even for many Solomon Islanders-- is so far awaythat it seems like a mythical land; a place like Namia that magical land in C.S. Lewis, classic, The Chronicles of Namia, Maybe because of it — Tikopia, itspeople, and their cultures have long fascinated scholars, travelers, and casualobservers. Like the pioneers Peter Dillion, Dumoni D' Urville and JohnColleridge Patterson who visited and wrote about the island in the 1800s,Raymond Firth is one of those people captured by the alluring attraction ofTikopia.
As a result,he had made a number of trips to the island since 1920s and recorded hisexperiences, observations and reflections on Tikopia, its people, cultures andthe changes that have occurred.
C
Whileengaged in study of the kinship and religious life of the people of Tikopia,Firth made a few observations on their tattooing. Brief though these notes arethey may be worth putting on record as an indication of the sociologicalsetting of the practice in this primitive Polynesian community. The origin ofthe English word 'tattoo' actually comes from the Tikopia word 'tataul. Theword for tattoo marks in general is tau ,and the operation of tattooing is knownas ta tau, ta being the generic term for the act of striking.
D
Thetechnique of tattooing was similar throughout Polynesia. Traditional tattooartists create their indelible tattoos using pigment made from the candlenut orkukui nut. First, they bum the nut inside a bowl made of half a coconut shell.They then scrape out the soot and use a pestle to mix it with liquid. Bluing issometimes added to counteract the reddish hue of the carbon-based pigment. Italso makes the outline of the inscribed designs bolder on the dark skin oftattooing subjects.
E
For theinstruments used when tattooing, specialists used a range of chisels made fromalbatross wing bone which were hafted onto a handle which was made from theheart wood of the bush and struck with a mallet. The tattooer began bysketching with charcoal a design on the supine subject, whose skin at thatlocation was stretched taut by one more apprentices. The tattooer then dippedthe appropriate points - either a single one or a whole comb into the ink(usually contained in a coconut-shell cup} and tapped it into the subject'sskin, holding the blade handle in one hand and tapping it with the other. Theblood that usually trickled from the punctures was wiped away either by thetattooer or his apprentice, the latter having also served by restraining apain-wracked subject from moving, for the operation was inevitably painful atest of fortitude that tattooers sought to shorten by working as fast aspossible. In fact, tattoos nearly always festered and often led to sickness -and in some cases death.
F
In ancientPolynesian society, nearly everyone was tattooed. It was an integral part ofancient culture and was much more than a body ornament. Tattooing indicatedones genealogy and/or rank in society. It was a sign of wealth, of strength andof the ability to endure pain. Those who went without them were seen as personsof lower social status. As such, chiefs and warriors generally had the mostelaborate tattoos. Tattooing was generally begun at adolescence , and wouldoften not be completed for a number of years. Receiving tattoo constituted animportant milestone between childhood and adulthood, and was accompanied bymany rites and rituals. Apart from signaling status and rank, another reasonfor the practice in traditional times was to make a person more attractive tothe opposite sex.
G
The malefacial tattoo is generally divided into eight sections of the face. The centerof the forehead designated a person's general rank. The area around the browsdesignated his position. The area around the eyes and the nose designated hishapu, or sub-tribe rank. The area around the temples served to detail msmarital status, like the number of marriages. The area under the nose displayedhis signature. This signature was once memorized by tribal chiefs who used itwhen buying property, signing deeds, and officiating orders. The cheek areadesignated the nature of the person's work. The chin area showed the person'smana. Lastly, the jaw area designated a person's birth status.
H
A person'sancestry is indicated on each side of the face. The left side is generally thefather's side , and the right side was the mother's. The manutahi design isworked on the men' s back. It consists of two vertical lines drawn down thespine, with short vertical lines between them. When a man had the manutahi onhis back, he took pride in himself. At gatherings of the people he could standforth in their midst and display his tattoo designs with songs. And rows oftriangles design on the men's chest indicate his bravery.
I
Tattoo wasa way delivering information of its owner. It' s also a traditional method tofetch spiritual power, protection and strength. The Polynesians use this as asign of character, position and levels in a hierarchy. Polynesian peoplesbelieve that a person' s mana, their spiritual power or life force, isdisplayed through their tattoo.
判断题
1.Scientistslike to do research in Tikopia because this tiny place is of great remoteness.
2.Firth wasthe first scholar to study no Tikopia.
3.Firthstudied the culture differences on Tikopia as well as on some other islands ofPacific.
4.TheEnglish word "tattoo" is evolved from the local language of theisland.
答案：1. Y 2. N3 NG 4 Y
图表填空题(nomore than two words)
答案：
5 coconutshell
6 soot
7 liquid
8 heart wood
9 wing
表格填空题
答案：
10 (the)forehead
11 chin(area)
12 mother' sancestry
13 verticallines
14 triangles
第二篇：Being Left-handed in a Right-handedWorld
原文：
The world is designed for right-handedpeople. Why does a tenth of the population prefer the left?
A
The probability that two right-handedpeople would have a left-handed child is only about 9.5 percent. The chancerises to 19.5 percent if one parent is a lefty and 26 percent if both parentsare left-handed. The preference, however, could also stem from an infant’simitation of his parents. To test genetic influence, starting in the 1970sBritish biologist Marian Annett of the University of Leicester hypothesizedthat no single gene determines handedness. Rather, during fetal development, acertain molecular factor helps to strengthen the brain’s left hemisphere, whichincreases the probability that the right hand will be dominant, because theleft side of the brain controls the right side of the body, and vice versa.Among the minority of people who lack this factor, handedness develops entirelyby chance. Research conducted on twins complicates the theory, however. One infivesets of identical twins involves one right-handed and one left-handedperson, despite the fact that their genetic material is the same. Genes,therefore, are not solely responsible for handedness.
B
Genetic theory is also undermined byresults from Peter Hepper and his team at Queen’s University in Belfast,Ireland. In 2004 the psychologists used ultrasound to show that by the 15thweek of pregnancy, fetuses already have a preference as to which thumb theysuck. In most cases, the preference continued after birth. At 15 weeks, though,the brain does not yet have control over the body’s limbs. Hepper speculatesthat fetuses tend to prefer whichever side of the body is developing quickerand that their movements, in turn, influence the brain’s development. Whetherthis early preference is temporary or holds up throughout development andinfancy is unknown. Genetic predetermination is also contradicted by thewidespread observation that children do not settle on either their right orleft hand until they are two or three years old.
C
But even if these correlations were true,they did not explain what actually causes left-handedness. Furthermore,specialization on either side of the body is common among animals. Cats willfavor one paw over another when fishing toys out from under the couch. Horsesstomp more frequently with one hoof than the other. Certain crabs motionpredominantly with the left or right claw. In evolutionary terms, focusingpower and dexterity in one limb is more efficient than having to train two,four or even eight limbs equally. Yet for most animals, the preference for oneside or the other is seemingly random. The overwhelming dominance of the righthand is associated only with humans. That fact directs attention toward thebrain’s two hemispheres and perhaps toward language.
D
Interest in hemispheres dates back to at least1836. That year, at a medical conference, French physician Marc Dax reported onan unusual commonality among his patients. During his many years as a countrydoctor, Dax had encountered more than 40 men and women for whom speech wasdifficult, the result of some kind of brain damage. What was unique was thatevery individual suffered damage to the left side of the brain. At theconference, Dax elaborated on his theory, stating that each half of the brainwas responsible for certain functions and that the left hemisphere controlledspeech. Other experts showed little interest in the Frenchman’s ideas. Overtime, however, scientists found more and more evidence of peopleexperiencingspeech difficulties following injury to the left brain. Patients with damage tothe right hemisphere most often displayed disruptions in perception orconcentration. Major advancements in understanding the brain’s asymmetry weremade in the 1960s as a result of so-called split-brain surgery, developed tohelp patients with epilepsy. During this operation, doctors severed the corpuscallosum—the nerve bundle that connects the two hemispheres. The surgical cutalso stopped almost all normal communication between the two hemispheres, whichoffered researchers the opportunity to investigate each side’s activity.
E
In 1949 neurosurgeon Juhn Wada devised thefirst test to provide access to the brain’s functional organization oflanguage. By injecting an anesthetic into the right or left carotid artery,Wada temporarily paralyzed one side of a healthy brain, enabling him to moreclosely study the other side’s capabilities. Based on this approach, BrendaMilner and the late Theodore Rasmussen of the Montreal Neurological Institutepublished a major study in 1975 that confirmed the theory that country doctorDax had formulated nearly 140 years earlier: in 96 percent of right-handedpeople, language is processed much more intensely in the left hemisphere. Thecorrelation is not as clear in lefties, however. For two thirds of them, theleft hemisphere is still the most active language processor. But for theremaining third, either the right side is dominant or both sides work equally,controlling different language functions. That last statistic has slowedacceptance of the notion that the predominance of right-handedness is driven byleft-hemisphere dominance in language processing. It is not at all clear whylanguage control should somehow have dragged the control of body movement withit. Some experts think one reason the left hemisphere reigns over language isbecause the organs of speech processing—the larynx and tongue—are positioned onthe body’s symmetry axis. Because these structures were centered, it may havebeen unclear, in evolutionary terms, which side of the brain should controlthem, and it seems unlikely that shared operation would result in smooth motoractivity. Language and handedness could have developed preferentially forverydifferent reasons as well. For example, some researchers, including evolutionary psychologist MichaelC. Corballis of the University of Auckland in New Zealand, think that theorigin of human speech lies in gestures. Gestures predated words and helpedlanguage emerge. If the left hemisphere began to dominate speech, it would havedominated gestures, too, and because the left brain controls the right side ofthe body, the right hand developed more strongly.
F
Perhaps we will know more soon. In themeantime, we can revel in what, if any, differences handedness brings to ourhuman talents. Popular wisdom says right-handed, left-brained people excel atlogical, analytical thinking. Lefthanded, right-brained individuals are thoughtto possess more creative skills and may be better at combining the functionalfeatures emergent in both sides of the brain. Yet some neuroscientists see suchclaims as pure speculation. Fewer scientists are ready to claim thatleft-handedness means greater creative potential. Yet lefties are prevalentamong artists, composers and the generally acknowledged great politicalthinkers. Possibly if these individuals are among the lefties whose languageabilities are evenly distributed between hemispheres, the intense interplayrequired could lead to unusual mental capabilities.
G
Or perhaps some lefties become highlycreative simply because they must be more clever to get by in our right-handedworld. This battle, which begins during the very early stages of childhood, maylay the groundwork for exceptional achievements.
Questions 14-18
.............................................................................
Reading Passage 2 has seven sections A-G.
Which section contains the following information?
Write the correct letter A-G in boxes 14-18 on your answer sheet.
14 Preference of using one side of the body in animal species.
15 How likely one-handedness is born.
16 The age when the preference of using one hand is settled.
17 Occupations usually found in left-handed population.
18 A reference to an early discovery of each hemisphere’s function.
Questions 19-22
.............................................................................
Look at the following researchers (Questions 19-22) and the list of findingsbelow.
Match each researcher with the correct finding.
Write the correct letter A-G in boxes 19-22 on your answer sheet.
List of Findings
A Early language evolution is correlated to body movement and thus
affecting the preference of use of one hand.
B No single biological component determines the handedness of a child.
C Each hemisphere of the brain is in charge of different body functions.
D Language process is mainly centered in the left-hemisphere of thebrain.
E Speech difficulties are often caused by brain damage.
F The rate of development of one side of the body has influence onhemisphere preference in fetus.
G Brain function already matures by the end of the fetal stage.
19 Marian Annett
20 Peter Hepper
21 Brenda Milner & Theodore Rasmussen
22 Michael Corballis
Questions 23-26
.............................................................................
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage2?
In boxes 23-26 on your answer sheet write
TRUE if the sataement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this
23 The study of twins shows that genetic determinationis not the only factorfor left-handedness.
24 Marc Dax’s report was widely accepted in his time.
25 Juhn Wada based his findings on his research of people with languageproblems.
26 There tend to be more men with left-handedness than women.
答案解析：
14. C
【原文参考依据--SectionC】Furthermore,specialization on either side of the body is common among animals.Cats will favorone paw over another.....Horses stomp more frequently with one hoof than theother...
15. A
【原文参考依据--SectionA】
The probality that two right-handed peoplewould have a left-handed child is only about 9.5 percent. The chance rise to19.5 percent if one parent is a lefty and 26 percent if both parents areleft-handed:.....
16. B
【原文参考依据--SectionB】Geneticpredetermination is also contradicted by the widerspread observation thatchildren do not settle on either their right or left hand until they are two orthree years old.
17. F
【原文参考依据--SectionF】Yet leftiesare prevalent among artists, composers and the generally acknowledged greatpolitical thinkers.
18. D
【原文参考依据--SectionD】
Interest in hemispheres dates back to atleast 1836.
19. D
【原文参考依据--SectionE末句】
.....Michael C. Corballis...., think thatthe origin of human speech lies in gestures. Gestures predated words and helpedlanguage emerge.
20. B
【原文参考依据--SectionA4-6行】To testgenetic influence, starting in the 1970s British biologist MarianAnnet.......hypothesized that no single gene determines handness.
21. A
【原文参考依据--SectionE8-10行】
Based on this approach, BrendaMilner.......:in 96 percent of right-handed people, language is processed muchmore intensely in the left hemisphere.
22. C
【原文参考依据--SectionE5-7行】Hepperspeculates that fetuses tend to prefer whichever side of the body is developingquicker and that their movements, in turn, influence the brain's development.
23. YES
【原文参考依据--SectionA第二段】Researchconducted on twins .......Genes, therefore, are not solely responsible forhandedness.
24. NOT GIVEN
原文未提及....
25. NO
【原文参考依据--SectionD末句】
....French physician Marc Dax.....Otherexperts showed little interest in the Frenchman's ideas.
26 NOT GIVEN
【原文参考依据--SectionE】
John Wada没有提及是否基于"people with language problem"
第三篇：英国莱特剧院设计
文章大意：莱斯特是个小城市，但是它的音乐剧很有名。文章介绍了它的设计者以及他是如何设计这个剧院。此外文章还介绍了这个建筑的各种设计特征。
部分答案：
1-3 MULTIPLECHOICE
1. The firstparagraph has referred the purpose Challenge the traditional architecture
2. Thedescription of the theatre which is the correct one aptly named
3. make thebuilding process completed
4-8YES/NO/NG
4问是否有其他建筑物与其相比--YES
5有个建筑开建之前已经获得认可had a permit-NO
6这间音乐历t成之后其他的儿就要关门了--NG
7设计师RV的目的是符合表演家将来的风格--YES
8这一音乐厅是复制了其他家的风格-NO
9-14 SUMMARY临街的人能看到peopleon-view Large vehicles
9. on-view
10. behind the scene
11. performance
12. curtain
13. huge
回忆4：
韩国卷：
第一篇：不同动物
第二篇：人类大脑进化
第三篇：电影皮肤捕捉
回忆5：
听力
S2
S4
回忆6：
小作文：表格图
大作文：
Some people believe that supermarket should reduce the packaging of the goods they sell，while others say consumers should avoid buying products with lots of packaging. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
回忆7：
马来西亚
S3 一女生要做一个有关旧楼历史的课题
一女生要做一个有关旧楼历史的project ，向导师请教
21. 了解village 的历史
22. reason why choose the topic
23. 写个 ground plan
24.详细描述 problems
25. 利用图书馆里的maps
26. 要去实地考察这个老房子，要关注的是fireplaces
27.如果叔叔同意可以拿a piece of wood再做研究
28.房屋的结构：age
29.接着是要写上unanswered questions
30. 导师让她关注一下occupancy
S4 关于未来飞机发展
31. recently, a fast growth of constructionof new airports?
- C.deserves close attention
32. one noticeable fact is thatconstruction of new airport is?
- B. more important than other buildings
33. what are r=the airport, cities and townin common?
- A. respond to change
配对题：
34. S1 - there are more expensive flightsbecause the economic depression
35. S2 - there are emerging new airports
36. S3 - there are also new transportspatter appeared
37. S4. people's interest in flying isdeclining in Western countries
38. S5 - airlines can not hold businessbecause the costly maintenance
填空题：
The disadvantages of air travel
39. if the environmental problems continue,airport must be imposed on the "green tax".
40. flight will close down if a trip doesnot get an insurance.
回忆8：
回忆9：
回忆10：
为更好地促进做好Edward艾华师最新预测,请烤鸭们积极回忆在本文下面评论栏目里面,请尽量详细,并标明城市考点,A/G类,听力,阅读,大小作文,谢谢！特请亚太其他国家,欧洲,北美,南美,非洲等其他考区的烤鸭们也积极回忆吧
2019年8月10日雅思考试总体反馈：重磅！2019年8月10日雅思命中大小作文题目！命中一半到全部4个sections雅思听力！命中至少两篇阅读、命中口语绝大部分真题原题! 8月10日雅思听说读写全面大中,全面开花！（不同考区时差、A类、G类考生回忆不够齐全，待补充，还在不断更新中…）祝贺IRP会员将出现不少雅思高分人才！总体反馈请复制链接进入
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