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[国内外] 2018年1月18日大陆考区雅思A类笔试真题+答案+回忆蹲点

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发表于 2018-1-15 10:24:58 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式
2018年1月18日大陆考区雅思A类笔试真题+答案+回忆蹲点请看最下面,
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2018年1月18日大陆考区雅思A类笔试真题+答案+回忆蹲点
回忆1:
阅读回忆:
Passage1:西班牙树的推广
Passage2:西非的文化
Passage3: multitask相关
回忆2:
写作回忆:
小作文:柱状图,四个国家茶叶和咖啡进口量
大作文: Lectures are used as a way to teach a large number of students. As new technology is now available for education, there is no longer justification in this way of teaching. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
回忆3:
阅读:
Passage 1   主题:saving the data palms

答案:
1:FALSE     2:NOT GIVEN    3:TRUE     4:FALSE     5:TRUE
6:FLASE     7:TRUE         8: PERU     9: DISEASE     10: 待补充
11:200,000       12:GATES        13:200 MILLIMETERS

Passage 2  主题:culture in west africa

答案:
14:E     15:F    16:H     17:C     18:G     19:C    20:F
21:B    22:C    23:E    24:FARMING    25:NOBLE LINEAGES    26:MILLET


Passage 3:  主题 Multitasking Debate
Multitasking Debate
Can you do them at the same time?

  A) Talking on the phone while driving isn't the only situation where we're worse at multitasking than we might like to think we are. New studies have identified a bottleneck in our brains that some say means we are fundamentally incapable of true multitasking If experimental findings reflect real-world performance, people who think they are multitasking are probably just underperforming in all — or at best, all but one - of their parallel pursuits. Practice might improve your performance, but you will never be as good as when focusing on one task at a time.
  B) The problem, according to Rene Marois, a psychologist at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee, is that there's a sticking point in the brain. To demonstrate this, Marois devised an experiment to locate it. Volunteers watch a screen and when a particular image appears, a red circle, say, they have to press a key with their index finger. Different coloured circles require presses from different fingers. Typical response time is about half a second, and the volunteers quickly reach their peak performance. Then they learn to listen to different recordings and respond by making a specific sound. For instance, when they hear a bird chirp, they have to say “ba”; an electronic sound should elicit a “ko", and so on. Again, no problem. A normal person can do that in about half a second, with almost no effort.
 C) The trouble comes when Marois shows the volunteers an image, and then almost immediately plays them a sound. Now they’re flummoxed. “If you show an image and play a sound at the same time, one task is postponed,” he says. In fact, if the second task is introduced within the half-second or so it takes to process and react to the first, it will simply be delayed until the first one is done. The largest dual-task delays occur when the two tasks are presented simultaneously; delays progressively shorten as the interval between presenting the tasks lengthens.
   D) There are at least three points where we seem to get stuck, says Marois. The first is in simply identifying what we're looking at. This can take a few tenths of a second, during which time we are not able to see and recognise a second item. This limitation is known as the "attentional blink”: experiments have shown that if you're watching out for a particular event and a second one shows up unexpectedly any time within this crucial window of concentration, it may register in your visual cortex but you will be unable to act upon it. Interestingly, if you don’t expect the first event, you have no trouble responding to the second. What exactly causes the attentional blink is still a matter for debate.
  E) A second limitation is in our short-term visual memory. It’s estimated that we can keep track of about four items at a time, fewer if they are complex. This capacity shortage is thought to explain, in part, our astonishing inability to detect even huge changes in scenes that are otherwise identical, so-called “change blindness”. Show people pairs of near-identical photos - say, aircraft engines in one picture have disappeared in the other - and they will fail to spot the differences. Here again, though, there is disagreement about what the essential limiting factor really is. Does it come down to a dearth of storage capacity, or is it about how much attention a viewer is paying?
  F) A third limitation is that choosing a response to a stimulus 一 braking when you see a child in the road, for instance, or replying when your mother tells you over the phone that she’ s thinking of leaving your dad 一 also takes brainpower. Selecting a response to one of these things will delay by some tenths of a second your ability to respond to the other. This is called the “response selection bottleneck” theory, first proposed in 1952.
   G) But David Meyer, a psychologist at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, doesn't buy the bottleneck idea. He thinks dual-task interference is just evidence of a strategy used by the brain to prioritise multiple activities. Meyer is known as something of an optimist by his peers. He has written papers with titles like "Virtually perfect time-sharing in dual-task performance: Uncorking the central cognitive bottleneck”. His experiments have shown that with enough practice - at least 2000 tries - some people can execute two tasks simultaneously as competently as if they were doing them one after the other. He suggests that there is a central cognitive processor that coordinates all this and, what's more, he thinks it uses discretion: sometimes it chooses to delay one task while completing another.
  H) Marois agrees that practice can sometimes erase interference effects. He has found that with just 1 hour of practice each day for two weeks, volunteers show a huge improvement at managing both his tasks at once. Where he disagrees with Meyer is in what the brain is doing to achieve this. Marois speculates that practice might give us the chance to find less congested circuits to execute a task — rather like finding trusty back streets to avoid heavy traffic on main roads 一 effectively making our response to the task subconscious. After all, there are plenty of examples of subconscious multitasking that most of us routinely manage: walking and talking, eating and reading, watching TV and folding the laundry.
     I) It probably comes as no surprise that, generally speaking, we get worse at multitasking as we age. According to Art Kramer at the University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign, who studies how ageing affects our cognitive abilities, we peak in our 20s. Though the decline is slow through our 30s and on into our 50s, it is there; and after 55, it becomes more precipitous. In one study, he and his colleagues had both young and old participants do a simulated driving task while carrying on a conversation. He found that while young drivers tended to miss background changes, older drivers failed to notice things that were highly relevant. Likewise, older subjects had more trouble paying attention to the more important parts of a scene than young drivers.
  J) It’s not all bad news for over-55s, though. Kramer also found that older people can benefit from practice. Not only did they learn to perform better, brain scans showed that underlying that improvement was a change in the way their brains become active. While if s clear that practice can often make a difference, especially as we age, the basic facts remain sobering. "We have this impression of an almighty complex brain/, says Marois, "and yet we have very humbling and crippling limits.” For most of our history, we probably never needed to do more than one thing at a time, he says, and so we haven't evolved to be able to. Perhaps we will in future, though. We might yet look back one day on people like Debbie and Alun as ancestors of a new breed of true multitaskers.

Question 28-32
Which paragraph contains the following information?
28 A theory explained delay happens when selecting one reaction
29 Different age group responds to important things differently
30 Conflicts happened when visual and radio elements emerge
simultaneously
31 An experiment designed to demonstrate the critical part in brain for multitasking
32 An viewpoint favors optimistic side of multitask performance
Question 33-35
Choose the correct letter A, B, C or D
33 Which one is correct about experiment conducted by Rene Marois?
A participants performed poorly on listening task solely
B volunteers press different key on different color
C participants need use different fingers on different colored object
D they did a better job on Mixed image and sound information
34 Which statement is correct about the first limitation of Marois’experiment?
A “attentional blink ”takes about ten seconds
B lag occurs if we concentrate on one object while second one appears
C we always have trouble in reacting the second one
D first limitation can be avoided by certain measures
35 Which one is Notcorrect about Meyer’s experiment and statements?
A just after failure in several attempts can people execute dual-task
B practice can overcome dual-task interference
C Meyer holds a different opinion on Marois’ theory
D an existing processor decides whether delay another task or not
Question 36-40
Do the following statement agree with the information given in the Reading Passage? (True, False or Not Given)
36 Longer gap between two presenting tasks means shorter delay toward the second one.
37 Incapable in human memory cause people sometimes miss the differences when presented two similar images.
38 Marois has different opinions on the claim that training removes bottleneck effect.
39 Art Kraner proved there is a correlation between multi-tasking performance and genders.
40 The author doesn’t believe that effect of practice could bring any variation.
答案:
28.F     29.I     30.C      31.B    32.G     33.C    34.B     35.A
36.YES     37.YES     38.NO     39.NOT GIVEN     40.NO

回忆4:
阅读
Section 1
Saving the date palms
1.FALSE
2.NOTGIVEN
3.TRUE
4.FALSE
5.TRUE
6.FALSE
7.TRUE
8.Peru
9. Disease
10.****
11.200,000
12.Gates
13.200 millimeters

Section 2
Culture in West Africa
14.Spiritual beliefs common in West Africa E
15.Link between heredity and occupation F
16.Subjects children conventionally learned H
17.Restriction on social relationships C
18.Link between custom and geographical features G
19.Definition of a term for relationship betweengenerations C
20.A form of writing important to certain areas F
21.Use of domestic buildings B
22.C usually starts at maturity of children
23.E mainly conducted by family members
24.Farming
25.Noble lineages
26.millet

Section 3
Mystery of multitasking
27. practical
28.excited
29.promoted
30.questioned
31.interrupted
32.C multitasking slows people’s choice between tasks
33.B difference brain areas are activated
34.A forces people to think in an unnatural way
35.A how fast multitasking in growing
36.D can refocus after distraction
37.****
38.NOT GIVEN
39.YES
40.YES
回忆5:
听力
Section 1
1. Customernumber 55678019230
2. Date 21 August
3. Electricity
4. Protectionpolicy of a cooker
5. Homemovers company arranges a credit check
6. Approximately 3 days prior to moving  
7. Central heating services for 85pounds
8. Phonethe customer and then email you   
9. Free booklet provided   
10. information about energy saving (website)

Section 2
11. Additionalcharge for B rock climbing
12. Latesttime to get back into the park C 10:30pm
13. B
14. Signname on the list if clients need C to borrowequipment
15. Whatchange has taken place A the campsite isnow bigger
16. Shop F
17. Internetcafé A
18. Hirecenter D
19. Restaurant H
20. Conferencecenter C

Section 3
21. A it isfrequently misunderstood
22. B haspublic interest in it
23. C public tolerance about it
24. A haslittle scientific support for it
25. Goldenzones B morally wrong
26. Shop-in-shop E work in certain stores
27. Poweraisle F only for wealthier people
28. Trafficbuilder G not convenient for people in ahurry
29. Front-in-shop H some products may be damanged
30. Postersand signs A pointless

Section 4
31. Romansuse spices to produce perfumes
32. Pepperwas a display of wealth
33. Contributedto exploration of the New World
34. Changea person’s mood
35. Reducethe pain of tooth
36. Takethe place of money
37. Hidethe domestic smell
38. Greatestexpense: transport costs
39. Promoteddevelopment of ship building industry
40. Broughtin valuable income
回忆6:
回忆7:
回忆8:
回忆9:
回忆10:


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2018年1月13日雅思考试总体反馈:2018年1月13日雅思听力命中两部分旧题,阅读两旧、大小作文、口语大部分真题原题全面大中,全面开花!(本次无G类考试)祝贺IPN会员将出现不少雅思高分人才!总体反馈请复制链接进入http://bbs.ieltstofelglobal.com/thread-236421-1-1.html  http://bbs.ieltstofelglobal.com/forum-36-1.htmlhttp://bbs.ieltstofelglobal.com/forum-39-1.html

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