回忆2：
独立口语：
Task1
Imagine that you need to find housing next semester and have found two possible apartments. The first apartment is within walking distance 'to campus, but the rent is a little expensive. The second apartment is farther away from campus, but the rent is more affordable. Which apartment do you think is better? Explain why.
选择距离近的公寓
Reason 1: living near campus saves me a lot of time
Reason 2: living within walking distance of campus helps me do more exercise
选择距离远的公寓
Reason 1: living far away from campus saves money.
Reason 2: living far away from campus provides students with a new life.
Task2
Reading：Cultural Arts Requirement，学校每年都会邀请著名的音乐家和戏剧团体来校园进行每周一次的音乐或戏剧表演。为了鼓励更多的学生参加这些文化艺术活动，从下学期开始，学生每学期必须要参加两次活动文化艺术活动，还要写相应的论文。
Listening：反对
Reason 1: 强制要求会减少学生参与校园活动的兴趣
Reason 2: 写活动论文增加学生的学业负担。
Task3
Reading：dormancy. 在气候条件极其恶劣、食物和水稀缺的时候，一些动物通过休眠的方式来生存。在这种状态下，动物的身体活动减少，对食物的需求减少。
Listening：肺鱼的例子（lungfish）
肺鱼生活在浅水湖泊中，在夏季炎热干燥，湖泊干涸的时候，肺鱼会在湖底的淤泥里挖一个洞，然后用淤泥把自己包裹起来，形成泥浆保护层，它可以保护鱼湿润又不受热。同时肺鱼的呼吸会减少到每小时一到两次，心跳减慢到每分钟三次。这种状态下，消耗极少的能量，即使湖泊干涸没有食物的情况下，肺鱼可以呆在保护层里几个月甚至更长时间。
Task4
Listening：有效教师的两个特征。
Characteristic 1: 有效教师对学生保持支持的态度。体现在老师对学生更多的是鼓励而不是批评惩罚。通过鼓励学生来帮助学生建立自信心，而不是强调学生做错了什么。举了高中几何老师的例子，老师通过不断的鼓励他，给他信心，让他知道自己不是一个糟糕的学生。
Characteristic 2: 有效老师会及时给学生反馈，有助于帮助学生了解自己的学习情况，不再犯同样的问题。高中的几何老师会及时的给学生批改家庭作业，这样每天放学前就可以拿到那也反馈，知道自己当天的学习当中有哪些不足，学习成绩也有了提高。
回忆3：
听力部分
Lecture 1：土星的卫星如何形成，土星环如何形成。
Lecture 2：亚马逊当地人的生活方式。
回忆4：
综合写作
阅读：
袋鼠marsupial比placental less adapted。
1. 幼兽脆弱，immune system不行，容易受到伤害
2. body temperature多变，缺乏体温调节系统
3. 竞争导致数量和种类少
听力：
这个观点过时了，marsupial和placental一样adapted
1. 在妈妈袋中停留的时间过长，内脏和免疫系统会受到保护。通过这种方式可以对抗infections，增强免疫力
2. body temperature可以自己控制，节约能量
3. placental到澳洲很久了，和marsupial共存了很久
独立写作
Which one of the following do you think is the best way to get to know a city in a limited amount of time when you first visit it?
--touring the historic sites
--going to shops and markets
--eating food at a restaurant or a café
强化班的同学会觉得很熟悉吧哈哈哈图片
选3 去饭店吃东西
1）当地特色食物能够展现出当地的风貌。当地饮食会和历史/环境相关；并且在吃饭过程中可以和店员以及当地人交流，获得更深入的了解
2）去名胜古迹游览会花费时间。著名游览景点会出现大排队，并且一些景点本身游览就需要很长时间。有限的时间内没办法通过这个办法进行了解
3）商店和市场不适合用来了解一个城市。各地的商店和市场外观没有什么区别，与当地的文化关联不大
回忆5：
口语
082822的托福口语 全套重复真题NT019
T1
Imagine that you have to find housing next semester and found two apartments.
The first apartment is within walking distance, but the rent is a little expensive.
The second apartment is farther away from the campus, but the rent is more affordable. Which apartment do you think is better?
T2
阅读：
Cultural Arts Requirement
Every year the university brings noted musicians and drama groups to campus for weekly musical or theatrical performances.
To encourage greater attendance at these cultural arts events, starting next semester, students will be required to attend two events each semester. "We hope to interest students in attending more of these events on their own accord by requiring attendance at two, said the dean of humanities.
To prove they have fulfilled the requirement, students will write short response papers for the two events they choose to attend, and turn the papers in to the humanities department.
听力：
What do you think about this new plan? I don't think it's gonna work. Actually, it'll probably have the opposite effect in what the university intends and students will be less likely to go to other events.
So you think the plan's gonna backfire? Yeah, it's gonna discourage our attendance at other events by forcing us to go to some were less likely to go to others, because you know, when you for someone to do something or like something, it can end up making you like the thing less.
Right? So by requiring us to go to those events, it's gonna turn us off exactly. Students will be less likely to go to additional events of their own Free will.
And what about those papers? I know. I don't like that part about the plan either. I really don't think we have time for extra writing assignments, especially assignments that aren't even for a class. Yeah, that's true. I mean, we're already so busy as it is. I have to write papers and almost all my classes. I feel like I already spend all my time working, and I know most other students feel the same way.
T3
阅读：
Dormancy
During periods when climate conditions are extremely harsh and food and water are scarce, some animals survive by entering into a state of inactivity known as dormancy: the animal takes measures to avoid exposure to the elements, and its bodily processes slow down.
Because dormant animals are not physically active, they have little need for nourishment.
They can, therefore, remain in a dormant state for long periods of time until more favorable environmental conditions return.
听力：
A good example of this is a type of fish that lives in Australia and Africa. It's called a lung fish. Uh, lung fish live in shallow lakes, and during the summer, when it's very hot and dry, the lakes dry up. Now, how can a fish possibly survive in a dried up lake? That's being cooked by the sun all day long? Well, as the dry season approaches before, the waters completely dried up, the long fish digs itself down into a hole in the mud at the bottom of the lake.
So, uh, it it's buried in the mud. And what it does, is uh, it curls itself up and and covers itself with slime and mud. It it it forms a sort of protective code of slime and mud. It protects the fish from heat and helps keep it moist. And and during this time. It remains very still. And it's breathing slows down to to where it's breathing only. Maybe once or twice per hour. And it's hard slows way down to where it's beating only about 3 times per minute. And it remains very still.
Now normally the lung fish eats fish and crabs and and other meaty things. But when the lakes dried up like this, it's food supply isn't available. But that's okay. Because in this state the, lung fish is burning very little energy, so it doesn't need to eat. In fact, it can stay safe in its protected shelter without food, using very little energy. For months, even years, if necessary, while it waits for the rains to return.
T4
So we've been talking about how good teaching help students learn. But what are some of the characteristics of an effective teacher?
Well, according to research, one important characteristic is that teachers maintain a supportive attitude towards their students. Now, what does it mean to have a supportive attitude? Well, it means encouraging students rather than penalizing them. Good teachers build confidence in their students by showing that they themselves have confidence in student performance, and they pray students for what they do, right? Rather than stressing what students do wrong.
For example, II had a geometry teacher in high school. Um, uh, his name was mister Randall. And even when I told him what a terrible math student I was on the first day of class, he kept right on encouraging me. Keep working hard, you're gonna do a lot better than you think. He told me that really helped improve my own attitude and gave me confidence that maybe I could solve difficult math problems after all.
But maintaining a supportive attitude isn't the only important trait. Researchers say that the most effective teachers also provide regular uh almost immediate feedback to their students that kind of prompt response to student performance helps to clear up any misunderstanding. Students may have right away. So that mistakes won't be repeated.
Mister Randall, uh the geometry teacher, he graded and returned all our homework assignments immediately, so that we always had them back by the end of each day that helped to reinforce each new lesson taught in class. So we would understand and remember the correct way to do geometry problems. And by the time the course was over, I ended up with a much better geometry grade than I'd expected.
回忆6：
听力
L
Conversation
C1
男生抱怨排球训练的场地被艺术展占用
C2
学生问卷调查，修改问卷内容。改了但交错
L
Lecture
L1
舞蹈的历史，拉丁舞发展
L2
为什么火星两侧平整度不一的原因
回忆7：
阅读篇章回忆
Passage1 电影的制作过程
随着计算机的出现，电影的制作过程就完全变得数字化了。原来一个剪辑师只能单独处理一段影片，但是现在就可以去同时搜索多个素材库。
Passage 2 “可证伪性”
波普尔提出了科学应该有“可证伪性”并且定义了什么是伪科学，并且批判马克思主义不具有可证伪性（e.g.爱因斯坦的理论表明，光会被重力扭曲。天王星的运动）
Passage 3 团队工作
科学家发现一个人工作的时候，工作速度是缓慢的；但是一群人一起工作的时候，速度就会快起来，尤其是当团队里有人监督他人工作的时候。
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2022年7月30日托福考试总体反馈-2022年7月30日托福命中多篇阅读真题原题（出现多篇阅读旧题原题）,命中独立和综合大作文真题原题（都是旧题），命中口语、听力各四到五部分，总体难度适中、旧题非常多，阅读稍难。CPU资料阅读、写作、听力、口语等全面大中，全面开花！2022年7月30日的托福考试，依然是几套试卷组合，大量重复实用旧题，这种模式会一直持续下去。近年托福考试几大特点：（1）听力、口语、写作、阅读老题重复量巨大。（3）在大部分考试中，写作听力一直是四项难度最大，并且对话难度超过讲座）（4）阅读、独立和综合写作重复老题，是我们TOEFL CPU资料里面的。2022年7月30日托福考试大部分题目都在我们CPU资料原题命中！祝贺CPU会员将出现不少100-110分以上托福天才！本次考试听力阅读里大多是老题，仍然大量重复2014-2022年的老题，尤其是我们CPU托福资料的真题。今天口语和写作也是老题居多。ETS今年虽然在考试形式上变化很多，但其实使用的新题非常少，大都是在重复2014-2022年大陆考过的新题。这一方面说明，ETS出题成本太高（80万美金一套），所以出题量小。另一方面说明，托福考试的整体趋势还是稳定的。形式上的变化（多套试卷，阅读加试，听力非经典加试），并不能改变这个考试的内在。今天听力，口语，阅读和写作都重复老题。总体反馈请复制链接请进入
特别提醒：托福考试几十多年来，有非常严格的规律性和出题思路。全世界有6到10个托福大考区，而只有一个美国托福考试中心几个人在出题，每个考区每个月要出2-4份考卷，一个月出12-24份考卷，考官如何保证达到难度一样呢，如何保证新题难度、准确度和评价机制公平呢，所以只能是几十年来托福真题题库旧题目的有效组合，新题不能超出10%。事实上每份托福真题卷子都是80%-90%以上旧题原题真题。近年来，阅读几套卷里大多是老题，ETS今年虽然在考试形式上变化很多，但其实使用的新题非常少，大都是在重复2014-2022年大陆考过的老题。这一方面说明，ETS出题成本太高（80万美金一套），所以出新题量小。另一方面说明，托福考试的整体趋势还是稳定的。形式上的变化（多套试卷，阅读加试，听力非经典加试），并不能改变这个考试的内在。除了阅读之外，听力，口语和写作都大部分是重复老题。多年托福考官和专家Edward老师非常熟悉托福出题规律和听说读写题库出题组合卷子的秘诀， CPU资料因此而诞生，可以快速帮助考生提高20-60分！具体请阅读
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发表于 2022-8-23 17:44:49
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