回忆1：
Task 1
Line Chart
1971-2007年间，UK, USA, Canada和France四国国民对医保体系的满意程度百分比变化。
Task 2
重复20190720旧题
Many people aim at trying to keep a balance in work and the part of time. What the problems in trying it? How to overcome it?
回忆2：
雅思阅读
Passage 1
主题：新西兰纪录片制作人
题型：判断+填空
（1-6 判断）
1. False
2. Not Given
3. Not Given
4. False
5. False
6. Not Given
7. True
（8-13 填空）
8. university
9. rat
10. diet
11. archeologist
12. funding
13. database
Passage 2
主题：猛犸象
题型：填空+单选
（14-20 填空）
14. hunting
15. overkill model
16. disease / hyperdisease
17. empirical evidence
18. climatic instability
19. geographical ranges
20. Younger Dryas event
（21-26 单选）
21. A
22. B
23. A
24. B
25. B
26. C
Passage 3
主题：记忆解码
题型：匹配+填空+多选
（27-31 匹配）
27. E
28. A
29. C
30. G
31. F
（32-36 填空）
32. specific person
33. three cards
34. mental walk
35. loci method
36. education
（37-40 多选）
37. A
38. D
39. B
40. E
回忆3：
雅思听力
Section 1
主题：澳洲租房搬家
题型：填空
1. contact work phone
2. come from Simerton West
3. a child almost 3 years’ old
4. type of accommodation: flat
5. location: in the north
6. extra request: close to a park
7. need a pool
8. maximum rent: 650
9. date to move in: 15th December
10. need to book a hotel
Section 2
主题：煤炭博物馆
题型：选择+匹配
（11-15 填空）
11. the museum was closed down in the year of 1988
12. mine museum includes the social and the technological aspect
13. tourists are recommended to take a tour underground for 1 hour by the ex-miner
14. if you do not come, please contact the reception
15. for a relax, please go to restroom area next to the staff office
（16-17 多选）
16-17. What souvenirs are sold beside the postcards?
B. clothes
E. drinks
（18-20 地图题）
B. lecture theater
A. bookstore
C. lift entrance
Section 3
主题：
题型：
(to be followed up....)
Section 4
主题：服装的历史
题型：填空
31. People were more interested in the gold
32. In good condition because there was no water
33. and because it was frozen
34. Egypt has better climate
35. It was kipt in a university
36. Research done in a cave dating back to 700 years ago
37. Trading pottery and production of agriculture
38. man are doing something without iron
39. women produced cloth at home
40. when silk reached the countries from China
回忆4：
阅读
Passage1：人物传记
难易度：一般
题型：判断+填空
1-7 判断
1.False
2.Not Given
3.Not Given
4.False
5.False
6.Not Given
7.True
8-13 填空
8.university
9.rat
10.diet
11.archaeologist
12.funding
13.database
Passage 2：猛犸象
难易度：一般
题型：填空+选择
14-20 填空
14.hunting
15.overkill model
16.disease/hyperdisease
17.empirical evidence
18.climatic instability
19.geographical ranges
20.Younger Dryas event
21-26 选择
21.A
22.B
23.A
24.B
25.B
26.C
Passage 3：解密记忆
难易度：一般
题型：匹配+填空+选择
27-31 匹配
27.E
28.A
29.C
30.G
31.F
32-36 填空
32.specific person
33.three cards/3 cards
34.mental walk
35.loci method
36.education
37-40 选择
37.A
38.D
39.B
40.E
回忆5：
听力
P1：一个女生租房子
难易度: 简单
题型：填空
1-10 填空
1.work number
2.Somerton
3.3
4.flat
5.North
6.park
7.pool
8.650
9.15 December
10.hotel
P2：对煤炭矿场博物馆的介绍
难易度：一般
题型：填空+选择
11-15 填空
11.1988
12.social
13.underground
14.reception
15.notice board
16-20 选择
16.B clothes
17.E drinks
18.B/G lecture theater
19.A lift entrance
20.C bookstore
P3：关于包装的讨论
难易度：待回忆
题型：选择+匹配
待回忆
P4：服装的历史
难易度：较难
题型：填空
31-40 填空
31.gold
32.water
33.frozen
34.climate
35.university
36.cave
37.agriculture
38.iron
39.women
40.silk
回忆6：
阅读
第一篇：新西兰纪录片制作人(RadiocarbonDating The profile Of Nancy Athfield)
TheProfile of Nancy Athfield
A
Have youever picked up a small stone off the ground and wondered how old it was?Chances are that stone has been around many more years than your own lifetime.Many scientists share this curiosity about the age of inanimate objects likerocks, fossils and precious stones. Knowing how old an object is can providevaluable information about our prehistoric past. In most societ-ies, humanbeings have kept track of history through writing. However, scientists arestill curious about the world before writing, or even the world before humans.Studying the age of objects is our best way to piece together histories of ourpre-historic past. One such method of finding the age of an object is calledradiocarbon dating. This method can find the age of any object based on thekind of particles and atoms that are found inside of the object. Depending onwhat ele-ments the object is composed of, radiocarbon can be a reliable way tofind an object’s age. One famous specialist in this method is the researcherNancy Athfield. Athfield studied the ancient remains found in the country ofCambodia. Many prehistoric remains were discovered by the local people ofCambodia. These objects were thought to belong to some of the original groupsof humans that first came to the country of Cambodia. The remains had neverbeen scientifically studied, so Nancy was greatly intrigued by the opportunityto use modern methods to discover the true age of these ancient objects.
B
Athfieldhad this unique opportunity because her team, comprised of scientists andfilmmakers, were in Cambodia working on a documentary. The team was trying todiscover evidence to prove a controversial claim in history: that Cambodia wasthe resting place for the famous royal family of Angkor. At that time, writtenrecords and historic accounts conflicted on the true resting place. Many peopleacross the world disagreed over where the final resting place was. For thefirst time, Athfield and her team had a chance to use radiocarbon dating tofind new evidence. They had a chance to solve the historic mystery that manyhad been arguing over for years.
C
Athfieldand her team conducted radiocarbon dating of many of the ancient objects foundin the historic site of Angkor Wat. Nancy found the history of Angkor went backto as early as 1620. According to historic records, the remains of the Angkorroyal family were much younger than that, so this evidence cast a lot of doubtas to the status of the ancient remains. The research ultimately raised morequestions. If the remains were not of the royal family, then whose remains werebeing kept in the ancient site? Athfield’s team left Cambodia with morequestions unan-swered. Since Athfield’s team studied the remains, new remainshave been unearthed at the ancient site of Angkor Wat, so it is possible thatthese new remains could be the true remains of the royal family. Nancy wishedto come back to continue her research one day.
D
In herearly years, the career of Athfield was very unconventional. She didn’t starther career as a scientist. At the beginning, she would take any kind of job topay her bills. Most of them were low-paying jobs or brief community serviceopportunities. She worked often but didn’t know what path she would ultimatelytake. But eventually, her friend suggested that Athfield invest in getting adegree. The friend recommended that Athfield attend a nearby university. Thoughdoubtful of her own qualifications, she applied and was eventually accepted bythe school. It was there that she met Willard Libby, the inventor ofradiocarbon dating. She took his class and soon had the opportunity to completehands-on research. She soon realised that science was her passion. Aftergraduation, she quickly found a job in a research institution.
E
Aftercollege, Athfield’s career in science blossomed. She eventually married, andher husband landed a job at the prestigious organisation GNN. Athfield joinedher husband in the same organisation, and she became a lab manager in theinstitution. She earned her PhD in scientific research, and completed herstudies on a kind of rat in New Zealand. There, she created original researchand found many flaws in the methods being used in New Zealand laboratories. Herresearch showed that the subject’s diet led to the fault in the earlier research.She was seen as an expert by her peers in New Zealand, and her opinion andexpertise were widely respected. She had come a long way from her old days ofworking odd jobs. It seemed that Athfield’s career was finally taking off.
F
ButAthfield’s interest in scientific laboratories wasn’t her only interest. Shedidn’t settle down in New Zealand. Instead, she expanded her areas ofexpertise. Athfield eventually joined the field of Anthropology, the study ofhuman societies, and became a well-qualified archaeologist. It was during herblossoming career as an archaeologist that Athfield became involved with thefamous Cambodia project. Even as the filmmakers ran out of funding and leftCambodia, Ath-field continued to stay and continue her research.
G
In 2003,the film was finished in uncertain conclusions, but Nancy continued herresearch on the ancient ruins of Angkor Wat. This research was not always easy.Her research was often delayed by lack of funding, and government paperwork.Despite her struggles, she committed to finishing her research. Finally, shemade a breakthrough. Using radiocarbon dating, Athfield completed a databasefor the materials found in Cambodia. As a newcomer to Cambodia, she lacked acomplete knowledge of Cambodian geology, which made this feat even moredifficult. Through steady determination and ingenuity, Athfield finallycompleted the database. Though many did not believe she could finish, herresearch now remains an influential and tremendous contribution to geologicalsciences in Cambodia. In the future, radiocarbon dating continues to be avaluable research skill. Athfield will be remembered as one of the first tobring this scien-tific method to the study of the ancient ruins of Angkor Wat.
Questions1 – 7
Do thefollowing statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?
In boxes1-7 on your answer sheet, write
TRUE ifthe statement agrees with the information
FALSE ifthe statement contradicts with the information
NOTGIVEN if there is no information on this
1.NancyAthfield first discovered the ancient remains in Cambodia.
TRUEFALSENOTGIVEN
2.Theremains found in the Cambodia was in good condition.
3.Nancytook some time off from her regular work to do research in Cambodia.
4.TheCambodia government asked Nancy to radiocarbon the remains.
5.Thefilmmakers aimed to find out how the Angkor was rebuilt.
6.Nancyinitially doubted whether the royal family was hidden in Cambodia.
7.Nancydisproved the possibility that the remains belonged to the Angkor royal family.
Questions8 – 13
Completethe flow-chart below.
Choose ONEWORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.
Writeyour answers in boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet.
第二篇：Mammoth Kill 猛犸象灭绝
原文：
Mammoth is anyspecies of the extinct genus Mammuthus, proboscideans commonly equipped withlong, curved tusks and in northern species, a covering of long hair. They livedfrom the Ptiocene epoch from around 5 million years ago, into the Hotocene atabout 4,500 years ago, and were members of the family Elephantidae, whichcontains, along with mammoths, the two genera of modern elephants and theirancestors.
A
Like their modern relatives, mammoths were quite large. The largest knownspecies reached heights in the region of 4m at the shoulder and weights up to 8tonnes, while exceptionally large males may have exceeded 12 tonnes. However,most species of mammoth were only about as large as a modern Asian elephant.Both sexes bore tusks. A first, small set appeared at about the age of sixmonths and these were replaced at about 18 months by the permanent set. Growthof the permanent set was at a rate of about l t0 6 inches per year. Based onstudies of their close relatives, the modem elephants, mammoths probably had agestation period of 22 months, resulting in a single calf being born. Theirsocial structure was probably the same as that of African and Asian elephants,with females living in herds headed by a matriarch, whilst hulls lived solitarylives or formed loose groups after sexual maturity.
B
MEXICO CITY-Although it’s hard toimagine in this age of urban sprawl and automobiles, North America oncebelonged to mammoths, camels, ground sloths as large as cows, bear-size beaversand other formidable beasts. Some 11,000 years ago, however, these large bodiedmammals and others-about 70 species in all-disappeared. Their demise coincidedroughly with the arrival of humans in the New World and dramatic climaticchange-factors that have inspired several theories about the die-off. Yetdespite decades of scientific investigation, the exact cause remains a mystery.Now new findings offer support to one of these controversial hypotheses: thathuman hunting drove this megafaunal menagerie ( 巨型动物兽群)to extinction. The overkill model emerged in the1960s, when it was put forth by Paul S. Martin of the University of Arizona.Since then, critics have charged that no evidence exists to support the ideathat the first Americans hunted to the extent necessary to cause theseextinctions. But at the annual meeting of the Society of VertebratePaleontology in Mexico City last October, paleoecologist John Alroy of theUniversity of California at Santa Barbara argued that, in fact, hunting-drivenextinction is not only plausible, it was unavoidable. He has determined, usinga computer simulation that even a very modest amount of hunting would havewiped these animals out.
C
Assuming an initial human population of 100 people that grew no more than 2percent annually, Alroy determined that if each band of, say, 50 people killed15 to 20 large mammals a year, humans could have eliminated the animalpopulations within 1,000 years. Large mammals in particular would have beenvulnerable to the pressure because they have longer gestation periods than smallermammals and their young require extended care.
D
Not everyone agrees with Alroy’s assessment. For one, the results depend in part on population-sizeestimates for the extinct animals-figures that are not necessarily reliable.But a more specific criticism comes from mammalogist Ross D. E. MacPhee of theAmerican Museum of Natural History in New York City, who points out that therelevant archaeological record contains barely a dozen examples of stone pointsembedded in mammoth bones (and none, it should be noted, are known from othermegafaunal remains)-hardly what one might expect if hunting drove these animalsto extinction. Furthermore, some of these species had huge ranges the giantJefferson’s ground sloth,for example, lived as far north as the Yukon and as far south as Mexico whichwould have made slaughtering them in numbers sufficient to cause theirextinction rather implausible, he says.
E
MacPhee agrees that humans most likely brought about these extinctions (aswell as others around the world that coincided with human arrival), but notdirectly. Rather he suggests that people may have introduced hyperlethaldisease, perhaps through their dogs or hitchhiking vermin, which then spreadwildly among the immunologically naive species of the New World. As in theoverkill model, populations of large mammals would have a harder timerecovering. Repeated outbreaks of a hyperdisease could thus quickly drive themto the point of no return. So far MacPhee does not have empirical evidence forthe hyperdisease hypothesis, and it won’t be easy to come by: hyperlethal disease would kill far too quickly toleave its signature on the bones themselves. But he hopes that analyses oftissue and DNA from the last mammoths to perish will eventually revealmurderous microbes.
F
The third explanation for what brought on this North American extinctiondoes not involve human beings. Instead, its proponents blame the loss on theweather. The Pleistocene epoch witnessed considerable climatic instability,explains paleontologist Russell W. Graham of the Denver Museum of Nature andScience. As a result, certain habitats disappeared, and species that had onceformed communities split apart. For some animals, this change broughtopportunity. For much of the megafauna, however, the increasingly homogeneousenvironment left them with shrinking geographical ranges-a death sentence forlarge animals, which need large ranges. Although these creatures managed tomaintain viable populations through most of the Pleistocene, the final majorfluctuation-the so-called Younger Dryas event pushed them over the edge, Grahamsays. For his part, Alroy is convinced that human hunters demolished the titansof the Ice Age. The overkill model explains everything the disease and climatescenarios explain, he asserts, and makes accurate predictions about whichspecies would eventually go extinct. “Personally, I’m a vegetarian,” he remarks, “and I find all of this kindof gross-but believable.”
14-20 Summary completion
The reason why had big size mammals become extinct 11,000years ago is under hot debate. First explanation is that 14.hunting ofhumanmade it happen. This so called 15.overkill model began from1960s suggested by an expert, who however received criticismoflack of further information. Another assumption promoted by MacPhee isthat deadly 16.disease/hyperdisease fromhuman causes their demises. However his hypothesis required more17.empirical evidence to testify its validity.Graham proposed athird hypothesis that 18.climaticinstability in Pleistoceneepoch drove some species disappear, reduced 19.geographicalranges posed a dangerous signal to these giants, and 20.Younger Dryas event finally wiped themout.
21-26 Matching features
A John Alroy
B Ross D. E. MacPhee
C Russell W. Graham
21 Human hunting well explained which species would finally
disappear. A
22 Further grounded proof needed to explain human’s indirect
impact on mammals. B
23 Over hunting situation has caused die-out of largemammals. A
24 Illness rather than hunting caused extensive extinction. B
25 Doubt raised through the study of several fossil records. B
26Climate shift is the main reason of extinction. C
第三篇：解密记忆 Memory Decoding
原文：
回忆7：
听力
回忆8：
回忆9:
回忆10：
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