回忆1：
阅读
第一篇： The dugong: sea cow(海牛)
Dugongs are herbivorous mammals that spend theirentire lives in the sea. Their close relatives the manatees also venture intoor live in fresh water. Together dugongs and manatees make up the order Sirenia(海牛目口物) or seacows, so-named because dugongs and manatees are thought to have given rise tothe myth of the mermaids or sirens (女巫) of the sea.
A
The dugong, which is a large marine mammal which,together with the manatees, looks rather like a cross between a rotund dolphinand a walrus. Its body, flippers and fluke resemble those of a dolphin but ithas no dorsal fin. Its head looks somewhat like that of a walrus without thelong tusks.
B
Dugongs, along with other Sirenians whose dietconsists mainly of sea-grass; and the distribution of dugongs very closelyfollows that of these marine flowering plants. As seagrasses grow rooted in thesediment, they are limited by the availability of light. Consequently they arefound predominantly in shallow coastal waters, and so too are dugongs. But,this is not the whole story. Dugongs do not eat all species of seagrass,preferring seagrass of higher nitrogen and lower fibre content.
C
Due to their poor eyesight, dugongs often use smell tolocate edible plants. They also have a strong tactile sense, and feel theirsurroundings with their long sensitive bristles. They will dig up an entireplant and then shake it to remove the sand before eating it. They have beenknown to collect a pile of plants in one area before eating them. The flexibleand muscular upper lip is used to dig out the plants. When eating they ingestthe whole plant, including the roots, although when this is impossible theywill feed on just the leaves. A wide variety of seagrass has been found indugong stomach contents, and evidence exists they will eat algae when seagrassis scarce. Although almost completely herbivorous,they will occasionally eatinvertebrates such as jellyfish, sea squirts, and shellfish.
D
A heavily grazed seagrass bed looks like a lawn mownby a drunk. Dugongs graze apparently at random within a seagrass bed, theirtrails meandering in all directions across the bottom. This is rather aninefficient means of removing seagrass that results in numerous small tuftsremaining. And this is where the dugongs derive some advantage from theirinefficiency. The species that recover most quickly from this disturbance,spreading out vegetatively from the remaining tufts, are those that dugongslike to cat. In addition, the new growth found in these areas tends to beexactly what hungry dugongs like.
E
Dugongs are semi-nomadic, often travelling longdistances in search of food, but staying within a certain range their entirelife. Large numbers often move together from one area to another. It is thoughtthat these movements are caused by changes in seagrass availability. Theirmemory allows them to return to specific points after long travels. Dugongmovements mostly occur within a localised area of seagrass beds, and animals inthe same region show individualistic patterns of movement.
F
Recorded numbers of dugongs are generally believed tobe lower than actual numbers, due to a lack of accurate surveys. Despite this,the dugong population is thought to be shrinking, with a worldwide decline of20 per cent in the last 90 years. They have disappeared from the waters of HongKong, Mauritius, and Taiwan, as well as parts of Cambodia, Japan, thePhilippines and Vietnam. Further disappearances are likely. (In the late 1960s,herds of up to 500 dugongs were observed off the coast of East Africa andnearby islands However, current populations in this area are extremely small,numbering 50 and below, and it is thought likely they will become extinct. Theeastern side of the Red Sea is the home of large populations numbering in thehundreds, and similar populations are thought to exist on the western side. Inthe 1980s, it was estimated there could be as many as 4,000 dugongs in the RedSea. The Persian Gulf has the second-largest dugong population in the world,inhabiting most of the southern coast, and the current population is believedto be around 7,500. Australia is home to the largest population, stretchingfrom Shark Bay in Western Australia to Moreton Bay in Queensland. Thepopulation of Shark Bay is thought to be stable with over 10,000 dugongs.)
G
Experience from various parts of northern Australiasuggests that Extreme weather such as cyclones and floods can destroy hundredsof square kilometres of seagrass meadows, as well as washing dugongs ashore.The recovery of seagrass meadows and the spread of seagrass into new areas, orareas where it has been destroyed, can take over a decade. For example, about900 km2 of seagrass was lost in Hervey Bay in 1992, probably because of murkywater from flooding of local rivers, and run-off turbulence from a cyclone threeweeks later. Such events can cause extensive damage to seagrass communitiesthrough severe wave action, shifting sand and reduction in saltiness and lightlevels. Prior to the 1992 floods, the extensive seagrasses in Hervey Baysupported an estimated 1750 dugongs. Eight months after the floods the affectedarea was estimated to support only about 70 dugongs. Most animals presumablysurvived by moving to neighbouring areas. However, many died attempting to moveto greener pastures, with emaciated carcasses washing up on beaches up to 900kmaway.
H
If dugongs do not get enough to eat they may calvelater and produce fewer young. Food shortages can be caused by many factors,such as a loss of habitat, death and decline in quality of seagrass, and adisturbance of feeding caused by human activity. Sewage, detergents, heavymetal, hypersaline water, herbicides, and other waste products all negativelyaffect seagrass meadows. Human activity such as mining, trawling, dredging,land-reclamation, and boat propeller scarring also cause an increase insedimentation which smothers seagrass and prevents light from reaching it. Thisis the most significant negative factor affecting seagrass. One of the dugong'spreferred species of seagrass, Halophila ovalis, declines rapidly due to lackof light, dying completely after 30 days.
I
Despite being legally protected in many countries, themain causes of population decline remain anthropogenic and include hunting,
habitat degradation, and fishing-related fatalities.Entanglement in fishing nets has caused many deaths, although there are noprecise statistics. Most issues with industrial fishing occur in deeper waterswhere dugong populations are low, with local fishing being the main risk inshallower waters.
Questions 1-4
Summary
Complete the following summary of the paragraphs ofReading Passage, using no more than two words from the Reading Passage for eachanswer. Write your answers in boxes 1-4 on your answer sheet.
Dugongs are herbivorous mammals that spend theirentire lives in the sea. Yet Dugongs are picky on their feeding seagrass, andonly chose seagrass with higher 1 and lower fibre. To compensate for their pooreyesight, they use their 2 to feel their surroundings.
It is like Dugongs are "farming" seagrass.They often leave 3 randomly in all directions across the sea bed. Dugongsprefer eating the newly grew seagrass recovering from the tiny 4 left behind bythe grazing dugongs.
Questions 5-9
Do the following statements agree with the informationgiven in Reading Passage 1?
In boxes 5-9 on your answer sheet, write
TRUE if the statement is true
FALSE if the statement is false
NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in thepassage
5 The dugong will keep eating up the plant completelywhen they begin to feed
6 It takes more than ten years for the re-growth ofseagrass where it has been only grazed by Dugongs.
7 Even in facing food shortages, the strongindividuals will not compete with weak small ones for food.
8 It is thought that the dugong rarely return to theold habitats when they finished plant.
9 Coastal industrial fishing poses the greatest dangerto dugongs which are prone to be killed due to entanglement.
Questions 10-13
Answer the questions below.
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A
NUMBER from the passage for each answer.
10 What is Dugong in resemblance to yet as people caneasily tell them apart from the manatees by the fins in its back?
11 What is the major reason as Dugongs travelled longdistances in herds from one place to another?
12 What number, has estimated to be, of dugong'population before the 1 992 floods in Hervey Bay took place?
13 What is thought to be the lethal danger whendugongs were often trapped in?
答案：
1.Nitrogen 2.sensitive bristles 3.trails 4.tufts 5.TRUE 6.FALSE
7.NOT GIVEN 8.FALSE 9.NOT GIVEN 10.Dolphin
11.seagrassavailability| (shortage) |seagrass shortage 12.1750 13.Fishing net
第二篇艺术家撒谎 Are Artists Liars?
原文：
A
Shortly before his death,Marlon Brando was working ona series of instructional videos about acting,to be called“Lying for aLiving”.On the surviving footage,Brando can be seen dispensing gnomic advice onhis craft to a group of enthusiastic,if somewhat bemused, Hollywoodstars,including Leonardo Di Caprio and Sean Penn.Brando also recruited randompeople from the Los Angeles street and persuaded them to improvise(the footageis said to include a memorable scene featuring two dwarves and a giantSamoan)."If you can lie,you can act,”Brando told Jod Kaftan,a writer forRolling Stone and one of the few people to have viewed the footage."Areyou good at lying?”asked Kaftan.“Jesus,”said Brando,“I’m fabulous at it.”
B
Brando was not the first person to note that theline between an artist and a liar is a fine one.If art is a kind of lying,thenlying is a form of art,albeit of a lower order—as Oscar Wilde and Mark Twainhave observed.Indeed,lying and artistic storytelling spring from a commonneurological root-one that is exposed in the cases of psychiatric patients whosuffer from a particular kind of impairment.Both liars and artists refuse toaccept the tyranny of reality.Both carefully craft stories that are worthy ofbelief—a skill requiring intellectual sophistication,emotional sensitivity andphysical self-control(liars are writers and performers of their own work).Suchparallels are hardly coincidental,as I discovered while researching my book onlying.
C
A case study published in 1985 by Antonio Damasio,aneurologist,tells the story of a middle-aged woman with brain damage caused bya series of strokes.She retained cognitive abilities,including coherentspeech,but what she actually said was rather unpredictable.Checking herknowledge of contemporary events,Damasio asked her about the Falklands War.Inthe language of psychiatry,this woman was"confabulating".Chronicconfabulation is a rare type of memory problem that affects a small proportionof brain damaged people.In the literature it is defined as"the productionof fabricated,distorted or misinterpreted memories about oneself or theworld,without the conscious intention to deceive”.Whereas amnesiacs make errorsof omission—there are gaps in their recollections they find impossible tofill~confabulators make errors of commission:they make things up.Rather thanforgetting,they are inventing.Confabulating patients are nearly alwaysoblivious to their own condition,and will earnestly give absurdly implausibleexplanations of why they’re in hospital,or talking to a doctor.Onepatient,asked about his surgical scar,explained that during the Second WorldWar he surprised a teenage girl who shot him three times in the head,killinghim,only for surgery to bring him back to life.The same patient,when askedabout his family,described how at various times they lad died in his arms,orhad been killed before his eyes.Others tell yet more fantastical tales,abouttrips to the moon,fighting alongside Alexander in India or seeing Jesus onCross.Confabulators aren’t out to deceive.They engage in what MorrisMoscovitch,a neuropsychologist,calls“honest lying”.Uncertain,and obscurelydistressed by their uncertainly,they are seized by a"compulsion tonarrate”：adeep-seated need to shape,order and explain what they do not understand.Chronicconfabulators are often highly inventive at the verbal level,jamming togetherwords in nonsensical but suggestive ways
ne patient,when asked what happenedto Queen Marie Antoinette of France,answered that she hadbeen"suicide"by her family.In a sense,these patients are likenovelists,as described by Henry James:people on whom“nothing is wasted”.Unlikewriters,however,they have little or no control over their own material. D
The wider significance of this condition is what ittells us about ourselves.Evidently there is a gushing river of verbalcreativity in the normal human mind,from which both artistic invention and lyingare drawn.We are born storytellers,spinning narrative out of our experience andimagination,straining against the leash that keeps us tethered to reality.Thisis a wonderful thing;it is what gives us our ability to conceive of alternativefutures and different worlds.And it helps us to understand our own livesthrough the entertaining stories of others.But it can lead us intotrouble,particularly when we try to persuade others that out inventions arereal.Most of the time,as our stories bubble up to consciousness,we exercise ourcerebral censors,controlling which stories we tell,and to whom.Yet people liefor all sorts of reasons,including the fact that confabulating can bedangerously fun.
E
During a now-famous libel case in 1996,JonathanAitken,a former cabinet minister,recounted a tale to illustrate the horrors heendured after a national newspaper tainted his name.The case,which stretched onfor more than two years,involved a series of claims made by the Guardian aboutAitken’s relationships with Saudi arms dealers,including meetings he allegedlyheld with them on a trip to Paris while he was a government minister.Whatamazed many in hindsight was the sheer superfluity of the lies Aitken toldduring his testimony.Aitken's case collapsed in June 1997,when he defencefinally found indisputable evidence about his Paris trip.Until then,Aitken'scharm,fluency and flair for theatrical displays of sincerity looked as if theymight bring him victory.They revealed that not only was Aitken’s daughter notwith him that day(when he was indeed doorstepped),but also that the ministerhad simply got into his car and drove off,with no vehicle in pursuit.
F
Of course,unlike Aitken,actors,playwrights andnovelists are not literally attempting to deceive us,because the rules are laidout in advance:come to the theatre,or open this book,and we'll lie toyou.Perhaps this is why we felt it necessary to invent art in the firstplace:as a safe space into which our lies can be corralled,and channeled intosomething socially useful.Given the universal compulsion to tell stories,art isthe best way to refine and enjoy the particularly outlandish or insightfulones.But that is not the whole story.The key way in which artistic“lies”differfrom normal lies,and from the"honest lying”of chronic confabulators,isthat they have a meaning and resonance beyond their creator.The liar lies onbehalf of himself;the artist tell lies on behalf of everyone.If writers have acompulsion to narrate,they compel themselves to find insights about the humancondition.Mario Vargas Llosa has written that novels“express a curious truththat can only be expressed in a furtive and veiled fashion,masquerading as whatit is not.”Art is a lie whose secret ingredient is truth.
Questions 14-19
Reading Passage 2 has six paragraphs, A-F.
Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.
Write the correct number, i-viii, in boxes 14-19 on your answer sheet.
List of Headings
i Unsuccessful deceit
Ii Biological basis between liar and artists
Iii How to lie in an artistic way
Iv Confabulations and the exemplifiers
V The distinction between artist and common liars
Vi The fine line between liars and artists
Vii The definition of confabulation
Viii Creativity when people lie
14Paragraph A
15Paragraph B
16Paragraph C
17Paragraph D
18ParagraphE
19ParagraphF
20-21Choose TWO letters, A-E.
Write the correct letters in boxes
A They have lost cognitive abilities
B They do not deliberately tell a lie
C They are normally aware of their condition
D They do not have the impetus to explain what they do not understand
E They try to make up stories.
Questions 22- 23
Choose TWO letters, A-E.
Write the correct letters in boxes 22 and 23 on your answer sheet.
Which TWO of the following statements about playwrights and novelists are true?
A They give more meaning to the stories.
B They tell lies for the benefit of themselves.
C They have nothing to do with the truth out there.
D We can be misled by them if not careful.
E We know there are lies in the content.
Questions 24-26
Complete the summary below.
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORD from the passage far each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 24-26 on your answer sheet.
A 24 accused Jonathan Aitken, a former cabinet minister, who was selling and buying with 25. Aitken’s case collapsed in June 1997,when the defence finally found indisputable evidence about his Paris trip.He was deemed to have his 26_.They revealed that not only was Aitken's daughter not with him that day,but also that the minister had simply got into his car and drove off, with no vehicle in pursuit
答案：
14 vi 作者运用Marlon Brando 的例子说明了艺术家与说谎者之间微妙的相同点，在B段的开头作者复述了这种微妙关系，可以得出本段大意为艺术家和说谎者之间的微妙的相同点，为选项所说的“fine line”。因此，本能的答案为vi。
15 ii “indeed，lying and artistic storytelling spring from a common neurological root-one that is exposed in the cases of psychiatric patients who suffer from a particular kind of impairment”作者从生理的角度分析了艺术家和说谎者之间的关系。因此，本题的答案为ii。
16 iv 该段的重点词很明显，“confabulation”。有两个选项iv和vii提到了这个词，但是vii只说到了对“confabulation”的定义，诚然第3段对“confabulation”做了界定，但是它远不止如此，还举例说明了“confabulation”患者的具体行为。因此，本题的答案为iv。
17 viii
18 i
19 v
20 B
21 E
22 A
23 E
24 National newspaper
25 Arms dealers
26 victory
第三篇肢体信号语言
回忆2：
大作文传统食物被快餐代替 有人说给社会 家庭带来负面影响 同意不同意
回忆3：
小作文：三个饼图：韩国2003年不同性别，年龄和游戏的比较
大作文：国际快餐替换传统实物，对家庭和社会有不良影响 agree/disagree
回忆4：
听力
Section 1∶woman is consulting a Well-being Center for health
1.Current job: nurse
2 Tel. No.:0407 686 121
3 Frequent:Headache
4.Occasional symptom:colds
5. Allergic to :Seafood
6. Have problem with her:Eyes
7. 30 min
8. Park
9. yoga
10. sports centre
Section 2：导游带游客去海港参观海洋节的节目
Marine fair in Harbor city
11-14) Map 地图题 Cone word only) You are asked the match the following
Locations 最左边部分是K：tall ships
码头下面一点的是market
左上角那地方是living music
Meeting point 在横着的陆尽头
15-20是个table关于各种活动的时间和内容
15. Silver winner of Olympic sailing will attend the opening ceremony
16. ships from India
17. Air-sea rescue by police helicopters
18. Living music, you can listen to the sailors’ songs
19 一个表演every 40 minutes
20 The impact of modem biological fishing
Section 3：导师和两个学生讨论他们的澳洲巧克力cocoa
A tutor giving feedback to two students regarding the
21-25) Matching:老师对essay问题的建议
21 chocolate histories ---C write fewer words
22 chocolate origin (producing area)---add some up-to-date material
23 chocolate geographies---adding cases analysis
24 Politely(Producer) chocolate ---More interesting information
25 chocolate XXX environment---need a visual aid
26-30) Multiple choices
26 why Australia cocoa Crop is better than ******
A import from other country
B from small producer
27 why Australia soil is better than ****
A grow from better seeds
C adding extra nutrition
D nature nutrition in soil
28 Waste product is used to 废弃的巧克力
A Making the recycled paper cups
B feed the animals
C dumped into the soil
29 Why the part of **** be removed
It is an unnecessary part
30 as tutor says, what improvement need to be done in the future ?
A more about waste management of the industry
Section 4：新式环保水泥的讲座
31-36 completions
31 Cement is made of=chalk and clay
32 Why it is successful：new technique of exposing it to because it hardens after...high temperature
33 Cement is popular because it is acceptable and cheap
34 In the process of production, C02 will be released in ovens
35 World's 7%/man-made CO2 comes from here
36 used highly in developing countries over 10%
37-40）配对题
A ECO-CEMENT
B POLAND CEMENT
C BOTH
37 Unaffected by water---C
38 cements that release CO2---C
39 absorb C02 fairly quick---A
40 Less strong---B
回忆5：
Task 1 ：饼图
2003年韩国的游戏销量在不同性别和年龄的对比
The graphs below show information about electronic games in South Korea in 2003.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
Task 2：同意与否
In many countries , traditional foods are being replaced by international fast foods this is having a negative effect on both families and societies . To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion？
回忆6：
听力
S1
S2
S3
S4
回忆7：
回忆8：
回忆9：
回忆10：
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