2018年5月19日托福考试总体反馈-2018年5月19日托福命中独立和综合大作文真题原题（都是旧题），命中口语五部分和听力五篇旧题，命中ABCD卷多篇大部分阅读真题原题，总体难度适中，CPU资料阅读、写作、听力、口语等全面大中，全面开花！今天的托福考试，依然是几套试卷组合，这种模式会一直持续下去。今天托福考试几大特点：（1）听力、口语、写作、阅读老题重复量巨大。（3）听力一直是四项难度最大，并且对话难度超过讲座，（4）独立和综合写作重复老题，是我们TOEFL CPU资料里面的。今天大部分题目都在我们CPU资料原题命中！祝贺CPU会员将出现不少100-110分以上托福天才！今天听力阅读里大多是老题，仍然大量重复2014-2017年的老题，尤其是我们CPU托福资料的真题。今天口语和写作也是老题居多。ETS今年虽然在考试形式上变化很多，但其实使用的新题非常少，大都是在重复2015-2017年大陆考过的新题。这一方面说明，ETS出题成本太高（80万美金一套），所以出题量小。另一方面说明，托福考试的整体趋势还是稳定的。形式上的变化（多套试卷，阅读加试，听力非经典加试），并不能改变这个考试的内在。除了阅读之外，今天听力，口语和写作都重复老题。总体反馈请复制链接进入http://bbs.ieltstofelglobal.com/thread-238953-1-1.html
特别提醒：托福考试几十多年来，有非常严格的规律性和出题思路。全世界有6到10个托福大考区，而只有一个美国托福考试中心几个人在出题，每个考区每个月要出2-4份考卷，一个月出12-24份考卷，考官如何保证达到难度一样呢，如何保证新题难度、准确度和评价机制公平呢，所以只能是几十年来托福真题题库旧题目的有效组合，新题不能超出10%。事实上每份托福真题卷子都是80%-90%以上旧题原题真题。近年来，阅读几套卷里大多是老题，ETS今年虽然在考试形式上变化很多，但其实使用的新题非常少，大都是在重复2014-2017年大陆考过的老题。这一方面说明，ETS出题成本太高（80万美金一套），所以出新题量小。另一方面说明，托福考试的整体趋势还是稳定的。形式上的变化（多套试卷，阅读加试，听力非经典加试），并不能改变这个考试的内在。除了阅读之外，听力，口语和写作都大部分是重复老题。多年托福考官和专家Edward老师非常熟悉托福出题规律和听说读写题库出题组合卷子的秘诀， CPU资料因此而诞生！具体请阅读http://bbs.ieltstofelglobal.com/thread-231387-1-1.html
I．托福2018年5月19日再次原题命中独立大作文-Do you agree or disagree？Physical exercise is more important to olderpeople than to younger people.（重复2011.7.31 和2010.1.31托福真题原题） 难度适中，这是一道高频老题，Edward老师CPU写作再次最重点原题命中，这是托福和雅思写作高频老题，Edward全球托福网络一对一课堂透彻讲练过的题目题型和素材，Edward 托福CPU资料最重点有该题目的原题范文素材论据可以完全使用。托福考试内容多次移花接木，借用雅思题库，出现很多一样内容的考题（写作，阅读、口语都不断重叠），范文参看 2018年5月19日再次在最重点预测命中托福综合作文原题: 人类学
Mystery Hill究竟是美国本土的还是欧洲人建的。
阅读材料认为是欧洲人建立的，听力否定。
阅读：1.arrangement,2.flatstone上的straight lines，writing style3.reshape methord和欧洲相似。
听力：依次否定1.可能有什么move了stone form their original location，2.writing style可能是accident3.美国人reshape jewelry时候也用的这种方式。 这是全球托福网络一对一课堂透彻讲练过的题目题型和素材,CPU会员综合写作资料有该题目多篇详细美国托福英语思维方式风格的写法和地道范文,素材和论据可以完全使用,恭喜全球网络一对一学员,CPU会员和看我们预测的考生们,应该发挥得很不错。 II.托福2018年5月19日再次命中口语几个部分原题目 命中Task 1
Talk about at least one advantage anddisadvantage about not being active on social website and social media. 命中Task 2 Do you agree or disagree with the followingstatement?
It is acceptable that someone use other'sinfluence to get a job. 口语答案参看 再次在最重点预测到托福综合口语:Task 3 阅读
标题： combinestudents& faculty dining
原因1：Students need more space. It is too crowded.
原因2：Encourage positive social interaction withprofessor.
听力
态度：agree.
原因1：professors are not often coming to dinninghall.They have more options: eat at home, local restaurant or office. So studentscould have more space.
原因2：the student is concern about the “interaction”.She thinks students might bother professor when they just want to deal withtheir colleagues or eat quietly. But it still worth a try.。 再次在最重点预测到托福综合口语Task 5： 问题：Sue wrote apaper about people’s health, yet she saw a new study she could add in it. Butshe has no time because she has a band rehearsal in the afternoon.
解决方案1：no adding.
优点1：her paper is cool already , she put much efforton it.
缺点1：the new study could better her paper.
解决方案2：skip the band rehearsal
优点2：she could rewrite the paper and add in the newstudy.
缺点2：It is the last rehearsal before music festival.。 再次在最重点预测到托福综合口语Task 6： 话题： How dam couldhave negative impacts on animals
要点1：block the passage for species have to migrate.
例子1：Salmons have to migrate to upper side of theriver to mate and reproduce. Their population decrease because of the dam.
要点2：change of geography will ruin the habituate forsome species
例子2：A kind of birds live at tall grass near theriver. But when dam established, there is no growing of tall grass any more.And the birds just vanished. 以上这些也是常考的高频老话题了，CPU资料再次最重点原题命中，也是Edward全球托福网络一对一课堂透彻讲练过的题目题型和素材，Edward 托福CPU口语资料有该题目的完整答案素材论据可以完全使用。 III．2018年5月19日托福CPU再次命中听力多部分内容： 命中听力Conversation 1-话题分类：student and facility manager
内容回忆：学生先说自己在学environmentalscience，现在paper也写了，对当地的recycling比较好奇，于是manager给她介绍了一个volunteer job 就是关于回收的，提到图书馆那边有个guideline, 但是他觉得人们应该被更好地被告知这些回收的信息。1st提到要planning, 如何提高大家的回收意识；2nd提到宣传，目前他们是用chalks写的，而不是打印。学生很惊讶，同时表示自己是people person，更喜欢fill in questions之类和人打交道的工作，于是manager介绍了另一个education department的工作，负责在information booth填表。 命中听力Conversation 2-student and engineeringprofessor
内容回忆：学生来询问一个课程，叫historyof engineering，他对课程比较迷惑。Professor说这是她争取好久的在学校做的实验，尝试开放让非engineering专业的学生也来了解这一历史。对于这类学生有different set of requirement， 他们不涉及engineering的内容，只学历史，作业也不一样，一般是关于city planning之类的论文和presentation。学生表示很想学，但自己是first year。Professor说不影响，但是必须先找advisor商量看看怎样安排更好；同时提到她可以留个位置给学生，不用担心all filling up。 命中听力 Lecture1 学科分类：Art
标题：Plein Air
内容回忆：Plein air又称 Open air, 即绘画写生，是17世纪罗马最先使用，到19世纪才开始流行的。主要画landscape在changing condition下有什么变化。最开始这种绘画方式不被认真对待，到后来发生2个变化：1.Easel被发明，很方便携带 2.一种tin-tube颜料出现，这种颜料是提前混合好的，画家不需要再自己混颜料。French Impressionist—Claude Monet甚至说“我不需要studio，nature就是我的工作室”。他会携带很多canvas，要画不同时间下的风景。一般都是small brush或intenselights，和传统不同。接着professor讲学生如何画，先要观察自己所在的地方，光影效果是怎样的，不需要画全部的东西，抓主要就好—比如别把垃圾桶也画进去；还有不要被其他人打扰。 Lecture2学科分类： Astronomy
标题：Mars上有水的原因（hypothesis）
内容回忆：4billion yearsago，Mars上面是有水的，通过干的河床和一些低地势的地方看到的lake beds都能证明。但原因不明。有科学家猜测是有很高的CO2，但是它很容易被水吸收。而且有大量CO2就会产生大量的carbonates，当时用的探测方法主要是spectroscopy, 发现Mars表面很少有该物质。所以CO2的说法被反驳了吗？不是的，1st Mars表面有大量sulfur，它会和CO2发生反应；2nd 表面没发现不代表下层没有，在一个叫Chill的石头用spacecraft发现了25%的carbonates。如果其他地方都这样那就成立，如果只有这个石头这样那还得找其他解释。 Lecture3学科分类： Anthropology
标题：Inca
内容回忆： 讲Inca如何成为当时最强大的古文明。当时Inca就有8million people，所以food source对于他们来说至关重要，需要大量优质的食物。1st climate change提供了好处，他们居住的lake旁边发现早期没有的pollen痕迹，而且有maize pollen，也就意味食物充足，甚至会用oribatid mites 来给maize提供营养。2nd alder trees能够产生nitrogen，也能营养土壤。也提到高海拔的好处是可以terracing,易守难攻。最后讲有些科学家质疑climate理论，认为是人使得文明强大，不是温度或气候。 以上听力，Edward老师再次最重点原题命中，这些也是Edward全球托福网络一对一课堂透彻讲练过的听力原题目和音频，Edward托福CPU听力资料有这些听力话题题目的听力音频、完整答案解析可以完全使用，恭喜全球网络一对一学员,CPU会员和购买我们预测的考生们,应该发挥得很不错。
IV．2018年5月19日托福阅读CPU资料命中ABCD卷多篇文章-原文原题：今天的阅读绝大部分以旧题真题为主，仍然大量出现在我们托福IPN阅读资料里面: 命中阅读1. Uniformitarianism and Earth’s cycles重复2015-12-19托福阅读真题
1. According to paragraph 1, what iscatastrophism?
The explanation of Earth’s geologic features asthe result of a few enormous geologic events of supernatural origin.
2. It can be inferred from paragraphs 1 and 2that the scientific study of geology began
When James Hutton challenged the theory ofcatastrophism.
3. The phrase “found wanting” in the passage isclosest in meaning to
judged inadequate
4. According to paragraph 2, what is thecontinuous cycle for which Hutton argued?
Mountains are eroded into debris; rocks areformed from the debris; those rocks are pushed up to form mountains.
5. The word “distinctive” in the passage isclosest in meaning to
characteristic
6. Which of the sentences below best expressesthe essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrectchoices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essentialinformation.
Using the principle of uniformitarianism, we cansafely infer that any rock composed of cemented grains of sand and having thesame distinctive internal structure as modern dunes is the remains of anancient dune.
If a rock resembles a sand dune in compositionand internal structure, then, according to uniformitarianism, it must have oncebeen part of an ancient dune.
7. In paragraph 3, why does the author discusssand dunes?
To illustrate how the principle ofuniformitarianism is applied
8. Paragraph 4 supports which of the followingstatements about Earth’s geological features?
They are created through a cycle of processesthat has occurred again and again over time.
9. The word “duration” in the passage is closestin meaning to
length
10. According to paragraph 5, what lednineteenth-century geologists to an incorrect estimate of how long it took toproduce all the sediments that have been laid down through geologic time?
Their belief that geologic processes have alwaysoccurred at the same rate as they do today.
11. The word “remote” in the passage is closestin meaning to
distant
12. According to paragraph 6, information fromradiometric dating supports which of the following statements?
Geologic processes that are relativelyunimportant today might have been far more important in earlier periods ofEarth’s history.
13. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where thefollowing sentence can be added to the passage.
It follows from this view that the present isthe key to the past.
Where would the sentence best fit?
Hutton’s ideas evolved into what we now call theprinciple of uniformitarianrism, which states that the same external andinternal processes that we recognize in action today have been operatingthroughout Earth’s history. ■ We can examine any rock, however old, andcompare its characteristics with those of similar rocks that are forming todayin a particular environment.
14. During the seventeenth and eighteenthcenturies, most people believed that Earth’s geologic features were createdrelatively recently by a few sudden, large-scale, catastrophic events.
●Geologists since Hutton have explained Earth’sfeatured using his principle of uniformitarianism--the idea that the sameprocesses have been at work throughout Earth’s enormously long history.
●In the late 1700s James Hutton saw thatcatastrophism did not fit his observations of erosion and proposed thatgeologic features resulted from steady, slow, repetitive processes.
●Uniformitarianism applies to geologic processesand to their effects but does not apply either to the rates of differentprocesses or to their relative importance throughout geologic time. 。 命中阅读2. Attribution Bias
重复2016-08-21托福阅读真题
1. The word “seldom” in the passage is closestin meaning to
rarely
2. The word “pervasive” in the passage isclosest in meaning to
widespread
3. According to paragraph 2, when people seerude behavior, they are likely to think that behavior stems from
the personality of the person behaving rudely
4. Why does the author ask the question “Why dowe make this mistake so often?”
To focus attention on the reason for theoccurrence of the fundamental attribution error
5. According to paragraph 3, what may be onereason why people often fail to attribute the behavior of others to situationalfactors?
Situational factors are often not easilyobserved.
6. The word “hasty” in the passage is closest inmeaning to
hurried
7. What can be inferred from paragraph 4 aboutthe instructor who adjusted her initial judgment about the yawning student inher class?
She applied the two-step process of causalattribution.
8. According to paragraph 4, why is the two-stepprocess sometimes not used to evaluate causal attribution?
The process requires more advanced reasoning andpurposeful effort.
9. The author mentions people coming out of amovie theater in paragraph 5 in order to
provide an example of behavior that is moreeasily attributed to situational factors
10. Select the TWO answer choices that arementioned in paragraph 5 as incentives that lead one to take a second cognitivestep in the attribution process. To receive credit, you must select TWOanswers.
●The fact that one relies on the person forsomething one wants or needs
●The realization that one will be heldresponsible for one’s judgments and decisions
11. Which of the sentences below best expressesthe essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrectchoices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essentialinformation.
An actor has extensive knowledge of his or herown behavior and how it has varied in different situations, in contrast, anobserver has seen the actor in far fewer circumstances and so is apt to thinkof the current behavior as typical.
While an actor knows that his or her own behaviorcan vary depending on the situation, an observer lacks that knowledge and sothinks of a specific behavior as typical of the actor’s personality.
12. According to paragraph 6, how do thoughtsabout one’s own behavior differ from that of another person’s behavior?
People usually attribute another person’sbehavior to inner dispositions but do not make the same conclusions about theirown behavior.
13. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where thefollowing sentence can be added to the passage.
Do we apply the causal attribution bias toourselves?
Where would the sentence best fit?
■In thinkingabout our own behavior, we tend to avoid the fundamental attribution error.
14. People make systematic errors when judgingthe causes of other people’s behavior.
●The fundamental attribution bias is replacedwith the actor-observer bias when assessing one’s own behavior.
●When people use a two-step process, moreaccurate judgment occurs.
●The most common error is to restrict judgmentsabout behavior to dispositional factors. 。 命中阅读3学科分类：地质学 题目：地质循环 内容回忆： 以前人们总是把地球上发生的重大地质变化归因于偶发的大灾难，直到一个人认为地质过程应该是渐变的，是一个循环。岩石被风化，被水冲走流入海里，然后沉淀再形成岩石，然后岩石突破地面成为山。但是他不知道这些运动的能量从哪里来。这一系列的地质活动时间非常长，但是和地球的年龄相比也不长。这个人关于地质循环的观点影响了后来的科学研究。 词汇题： Constant=endure Extended=gradually 命中阅读4. frog calling,讲的是male female叫声的作用，一个是吸引异性，一个是宣示领土。有的frog是通过叫声区分的，然后有个青蛙叫cohui?因为它的叫声就是叫co 的时候吸引异性，吸引异性“hui”的时候，恐吓同性，还有一种青蛙会chorus有些青蛙会一直叫然后直到听不到彼此声音再哪里，最后说了，大声叫会吸引天敌，所以间接性叫。 命中阅读5. 冥王星。对比了Venus Mars和Early earth为什么没有水，就是离太阳太近，要么就是被射线给分解了，氢气进入到太空没有办法循环，而地球core是热的还有火山互动，产生的气体可以留住vapor那些循环起来。 6. Pluto的status，讲它从被认为是planet到不认为时planet。提到mass,是否绕太阳运转，是否因为重力而成为一个球体。还举了另外一个Eric的例子。 7. 领海线的发展。一开始OCEAN都是open的，到后来部分国家自己限制了1mile，再到一个大会延长到12mile，200mile 8. forest afterRome讲了以前很少有森林，因为树木太大了不好运输，而且很难晒干，但后面有两种方法来砍树，一种是砍了树枝一种是树干一起砍了。 9. 爬行动物如何进化成鸟类，有些进化出了feather （有恒温动物的特征），一些physical structure可以帮助飞翔等、 详细回忆和解析答案请进入 以上这些旧题文章我们CPU托福阅读最重点预测命中，我们CPU资料里面的阅读部分都有完整的文章、题目、准确的答案和翻译解析。ETS出题套路已经非常清晰，大部分旧题重复+多套题组合。 2014-2018年托福历次考试阅读大部分是旧题，旧题一般都全部预测中在Edward 最重点预测中阅读预测机经中，接下来的考试肯定是二到三旧居多。我们CPU资料里面的阅读预测机经都有完整的文章、题目、准确的答案和翻译解析。2014-2018年以来Edward 预测几乎每场平均中60-100%阅读文章和题目(每场考试平均2-3篇旧题)，恭喜购买我们整理好的托福预测阅读机经的烤鸭和CPU会员，应该是受益非浅。 【近期托福阅读规律提示】 2014-2018考过的新题意义巨大，一定会被重复考查。今天组卷仍然呈现“大量2016-2017年当年新题真题重考+少量加试新题”形式。少量考生遇到阅读加试，加试都为新题，且位置不固定。文章难度适中，但选项干扰性大，不好抉择，对语言理解的精准性要求较高。所以托福考试是精读考试，是咬文嚼字的语言考试，与SAT/GRE读大意的考法截然不同。
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发表于 2018-5-20 11:35:08
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