回忆1：
澳洲
小作文 bar chart，大学学科学的男女比 和生物 物理 计算机的比例图
大作文：increase in production of consumer goods has damaged environment. why and how to reduce the damage
回忆2：
阅读
第一个澳洲淘金
介绍澳大利亚的金矿的个数，以及怎么发现的，金矿的金子是谁开采的，金矿的位置以及当时产出的金子数量。
判断题7：
1. TRUE
2. NOT GIVEN
3. FALSE
4. FALSE
5. NOT GIVEN
6. TRUE
7. TRUE
填空题8：
8. three centimeters
9. Quartz
10. Primary school
11. Gold committer
12. 待补充
13. 待补充
第二个仿生设计（Biomimetic Design）
Biomimetic Design
What has fins like a whale, skin like a lizard, and eyes like a moth? The future of engineering. Andrew Parker, an evolutionary biologist, knelt in the baking red sand of the Australian out back just south of Alice Springs and eased the right hind leg of a thorny devil into a dish of water.
A “Its back is completely drenched!” Sure enough, after 30 seconds, water from the dish had wicked up the lizard’s leg and was glistening all over its prickly hide. In a few seconds more the water reached its mouth, and the lizard began to smack its jaws with evident satisfaction. It was, in essence, drinking through its foot. Given more time, the thorny devil can perform this same conjuring trick ona patch of damp sand—a vital competitive advantage in the desert. Parker had come here to discover precisely how it does this, not from purely biological interest, but with a concrete purpose in mind: to make a thornydevil-inspired device that will help people collect lifesaving water in the desert. “The water’s spreading out incredibly fast!” he said, as drops from his eyedropper fell onto the lizard’s back and vanished, like magic. “Its skin is far more hydrophobic than I thought. There may well be hidden capillaries, channeling the water into the mouth.”
B
Parker’s work is only a small part of an increasingly vigorous, global biomimetics movement. Engineers in Bath, England, and West Chester, Pennsylvania, are pondering the bumps on the leading edges of humpback whale flukes to learn how to make airplane wings for more agile flight. In Berlin, Germany, the fingerlike primary feathers of raptors are inspiring engineers to develop wings that change shape aloft to reduce drag and increase fuel efficiency. Architects in Zimbabwe are studying how termites regulate temperature, humidity, and airflow in their mounds in order to build more comfortable buildings, while Japanese medical researchers are reducing the pain of an injection by using hypodermic needles edged with tiny serrations, like those on a mosquito’s proboscis, minimizing nerve stimulation.
C
Ronald Fearing, a professor of electrical engineering at the University of California, Berkeley, has taken on one of the biggest challenges of all: to create a miniature robotic fly that is swift, small, and maneuverable enough for use in surveillance or search-and-rescue operations. Fearing made his own, one of which he held up with tweezers for me to see, a gossamer wand some 11 millimeters long and not much thicker than a cat’s whisker. Fearing has been forced to manufacture many of the other minute components of his fly in the same way, using a micromachining laser and a rapid prototyping system that allows him to design his minuscule parts in a computer, automatically cut and cure them overnight, and assemble them by hand the next day under a microscope.
D
With the microlaser he cuts the fly’s wings out of a two-micron polyester sheet so delicate that it crumples if you breathe on it and must be reinforced with carbon-fiber spars. The wings on his current model flap at 275 times per second~faster than the insect’s own wings—and make the blowfly’s signaturebuzz. “Carbon fiber outperforms fly chitin,” he said, with a trace of selfsatisfaction. He pointed out a protective plastic box on the lab bench, which contained the fly-bot itself, a delicate, origami-like framework of black carbonfiber struts and hairlike wires that, not surprisingly, looks nothing like a real fly. A month later it achieved liftoff in a controlled flight on a boom. Fearing expects the fly-bot to hover in two or three years, and eventually to bank and dive with fly like virtuosity.
E
Stanford University roboticist Mark Cutkosky designed a gecko-inspired climber that he christened Stickybot. In reality, gecko feet aren’t sticky—they’re dry and smooth to the touch—and owe their remarkable adhesion to some two billion spatula-tipped filaments per square centimeter on their toe pads, each filament only a hundred nanometers thick. These filaments are so small, in fact, that they interact at the molecular level with the surface on which the gecko walks, tapping into the low-level van der Waals forces generated by molecules’ fleeting positive and negative charges, which pull anytwo adjacent objects together. To make the toe pads for Stickybot, Cutkosky and doctoral student Sangbae Kim, the robot’s lead designer, produced a urethane fabric with tiny bristles that end in 30-micrometer points. Though not as flexible or adherent as the gecko itself, they hold the 500-gram robot on avertical surface.
F
Cutkosky endowed his robot with seven-segmented toes that drag and release just like the lizard’s, and a gecko-like stride that snugs it to the wall. He also crafted Stickybot’s legs and feet with a process he calls shape deposition manufacturing (SDM), which combines a range of metals, polymers, and fabrics to create the same smooth gradation from stiff to flexible that is present in the lizard’s limbs and absent in most manmade materials. SDM also allows him to embed actuators, sensors, and other specialized structures that make Stickybot climb better. Then he noticed in a paper on gecko anatomy that the lizard had branching tendons to distribute its weight evenly across the entire surface of its toes. Eureka. “When I saw that, I thought, Wow, that’s great!” He subsequently embedded a branching polyester cloth “tendon” in his robot’s limbs to distribute its load in the same way.
G
Stickybot now walks up vertical surfaces of glass, plastic, and glazed ceramic tile, though it will be some time before it can keep up with a gecko. For the moment it can walk only on smooth surfaces, at a mere four centimeters per second, a fraction of the speed of its biological role model. The dry adhesive on Stickybot’s toes isn’t self-cleaning like the lizard’s either, so it rapidly clogs with dirt. “There are a lot of things about the gecko that we simply had to ignore,” Cutkosky says. Still, a number of real-world applications are in the offing. The Department of Defense’s Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), which funds the project, has it in mind for surveillance: an automaton that could slink up a building and perch there for hours or days,monitoring the terrain below. Cutkosky hypothesizes a range of civilian uses. “I’m trying to get robots to go places where they’ve never gone before,” he told me. “I would like to see Stickybot have a real-world function, whether it’s a toy or another application. Sure, it would be great if it eventually has a lifesaving or humanitarian role...”
H
For all the power of the biomimetics paradigm, and the brilliant people who practice it, bio-inspiration has led to surprisingly few mass-produced products and arguably only one household word—Velcro, which was invented in 1948by Swiss chemist George de Mestral, by copying the way cockleburs clung to his dog’s coat. In addition to Cutkosky’s lab, five other high-powered researchteams are currently trying to mimic gecko adhesion, and so far none has come close to matching the lizard’s strong, directional, self-cleaning grip. Likewise, scientists have yet to meaningfully re-create the abalone nanostructure that accounts for the strength of its shell, and several well-funded biotech companies have gone bankrupt trying to make artificial spider silk.
Questions 1-7
.................................................................................
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?
In boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet, write
TRUE if the sataement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this
1 Andrew Parker failed to make effective water device which can be used in
desert.
2 Skin of lizard is easy to get wet when it contacts water.
3 Scientists apply inspiration from nature into many artificial engineering.
4 Tiny and thin hair under gecko’s feet allows it to stick to the surface of object.
5 When gecko climbs downward, its feet release a certain kind of chemical to make them adhesive.
6 Famous cases stimulate a large number of successful products of biomimetics in real life.
7 Velcro is well-known for its bionics design .
Questions 8-10
...............................................................................
Filling the blanks below. write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBERfrom the passage for each question of robot below
Ronald Fearing made tiny components of robotic fly in 8 by specialized Techniques.
The robotic fly’s main structure outside is made of 9 and long and thin
Wires which make it unlike fly at all.Cutkosky applied an artificial material in stickybot’s 10 as a tendon to split pressure like lizard’s does.
Questions 11-13
..............................................................................
Fill the blanks below.
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBERfrom the passage for each answer about facts of stickybot.
11 Stickybot’s feet doesn’t have function which makes it only be able to walk on smooth surface.
12 DARPA are planning to use stickybot for .
13 Cutkosky assume that stickybot finally has potential in or other human-related activities.
参考答案：
1. NG 2.False 3.True 4. True 5. NG 6. False 7. True
8.computer C 段末
9.carbon-fiber D 段倒数 4 行
10.limbs F 段第 4 行
11.lifesaving A 段倒数 5 行
12.self-cleaning G 段第 5 行
13.surveillance G 段倒数 6 行
第三个 对一本书的评价
介绍这本书的主题以及这本书的内容，用词方面的缺陷，书中讨论不同国家包括金砖四国的城市发展情况，讨论人口涌入城市的好处坏处，城市中的问题。
段落信息匹配6：
14-19待补充
人物言论匹配3：
20-22 待补充
23. cool light
24. Birds
25. Fly
26. 待补充
回忆3：
听力
第一个 是打广告卖桌子
第二个报税退税
evidence, bank statements, April ,3,000还是3500记不得了，employers ， new car, calculation ，storage space，mistake， website
第三个男女关于blake school的
第四个是uk fashion and textile industry
回忆4：
小作文：柱图 大学学科学的男女比 和生物 物理 计算机的比例图
大作文：The increase in the production of consumer goods results in damage to the natural environment. What are the causes of this? What can be done to solve this problem?
回忆5：
听力
Section 1：做广告
1）124 Green Street （题目的要求是 2 words and/or a number）
2）电话，65478903）goods on sale
4）为什么选择在这做广告，好像是那个有成功先例的
(男的回答，他姐姐以前在这做个卖自行车的广告且效果不错（a relative successful experience)5）什么类型的家具销售 我选的是 home/office(录音中有个 business)
6）响亮的名字heading，叫 Bargain
7）printer shelf
8）condition: excellent
9）问他的桌子想卖多少钱 $99
10）广告费多少 $6
Section 2 关于所得税: 11-20表格填空题
21. provide evidence of information
22. penalty up to 3,000 pounds
23. bankstatements
24. Start from Aprilto March
25. easy to do calculating
26. don’t need any storage space
27. the government will assume you make a mistake
28. down the form from the website
29. health department
30. Sports Centre
Section 3 一男一女讨论入学和选专业，男的已经选好专业，女的申请中
21-25选择题：
21. Why did James choose to study inthe Blake?
B : good reputation in hissubject area
22. What did he find in his study?
B: surprised that he was interested in thetheoretical courses
23. What about the assessment ofJames course?
A: judge each other’s homework.
24. Why did the girl inquire theEnglish language course?
B: get moreinformation about her major
25. She got more informationabout___
C choices of modules
26-30 搭配题
26. History of Art: C many outside speakers
27. Sculpture option: G using materials
28. Painting digital: B stay at the studio long
29. Theory of art: E student do their own research
30. Photography: F focus on display skill
Section 4 英国纺织工业的发展
回忆6：
听力
Section1买办公家具 Buying Office Furniture
1-3)Completing the form:
General information of the man(WRITE NO MORE THAN 2 WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER
1 Address: 124_Green Street green for colour?
2 Phone number: 65476890 **three@***(given)
3 on'Goods for sale section
4-5) Choose the correct letter:
4 Woman: Why do you choose our company?
C a relative's successful experience(Because his sister had ever successfully sold her bike, so he trust the company)
B cheap
5 What type of furniture is the desk?
A Antique furniture
B Home furniture
C Office furniture(The man said that the desk is suitable for office, and discount can be made for family users, in Business
6-10)Complete the form:
6 Heading of the advertisement: Bargain
7 Feature of the desk: it has a printer shelf
8 Condition of the desk: excellent outstanding
9 The price of the desk: $99(100 dollars would be great for the man, but he made compromise to the woman, and the final price is 99 dollars)
10 Fare of the advertisement: $6((4+2) The woman can give discount to the man on condition that he could have long term business with the company but one day is enough for him)
Section2 Consulting issue of paying tax纳税知识
11-20) Completion
11. You need to prove enough evidence to certificate your income; otherwise it will cost a lot.
12.Evidence include: invoice and bank statements
13. Tax will start to count from April to march next year
(It is not the year according to the calendar as/ general, but to the accounting/account system/requirements, that is every April to March in thenext year)
14.Penalty up to 3, 500 pounds
15.Also need to know the previous employers, who can offer a statement
16.If you own a new car, next tax rate will be calculated
17.it's easier to make a calculation at one time
18.Don't occupy storage space(And they won't take much of your places because they only occupy small storage spaces in your computer
19.The government will assume you make mistakes
20.Download the form from Tax office website
(If you need more nformation, you can download details by visiting our official website, and Iwi tell you' the. is on the page R37 of the guidebook)
Section 3 女生问男生关于他就读的Blake大学的课程信息
Questions 21-25
Choose the correct letter A, b or C
21.Why did James choose to work in the bakery?
A.it is close to his home
B.it has a good reputation in the subiect area
C.it is a part of a chain store
22.What was surprised at in his studies?
A.the theoretical courses are easy
B.he can finish the theoretical courses
C the theoretical work is interesting
23. How is James' course assessed in the first term?
A students assess each other
B self assessment
C by practical experience
24.Why has Kate inquired about the English language course?
A.she wants to become an artist
B.it is her first language
C. she wants to work as a curate in a gallery
25.What else did Kate need to get before going to the college?
A starting date of the course
B an offer with scholarship
C a catalogue of modules
Questions 26-30
Which statement applies to each of the following courses?
Choose Five Answers from A-G, next to question 26-30
Tasks
A need extensive background readings
B. People stay at the same place as they study the course
C. many speakers from outside will be invited for a talk
D. it is the most difficult course
E. students need to do their own research
F an expensive special equipment is needed
G need to spend a lot of money on extra materials
CGBEF
26. history of art C
27. sculpture G
28.digital painting B
29.art theory E
30. photograph F
Section4英国纺织工业历史 Textile and clothing
Question 31-40
31-34 Completion
In the twenties
file:///C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Roaming\Tencent\QQ\Temp\%W@GJ$ACOF(TYDYECOKVDYB.png31.in UK the number of employee: 1.5 million people working in textile industry
32.fashionable clothing is mainly for women Today
33. closure of production facilities
34 produce outdoor clothing
35-36 Multiple Choice
35.the current condition of English textile industry
A. there are more workers demanding in textile industry than clothing industry
B rely heavily on export
C company hire a small number of people
36. opportunities for new graduates
A. require more linguistic proficiency
B need more designers
C. need more engineers
37-40) Matching
A Design clothes
B. Products quantity
C. Price negotiations
D Overseeing Process control
E. Handle complaint
F Identify Fabric trend
G.What to display in the store
37-40 Matching
37.Technologist -_F identify Fabric trend
38.Operation manager-D oversee the production process
39.Merchandiser-B decide on how many items of each product should be displayed
40.Visual designer-C what to displayM and the layout of it
回忆7：
回忆8：
回忆9：
回忆10：
为更好地促进做好Edward艾华师最新预测,请烤鸭们积极回忆在本文下面评论栏目里面,请尽量详细,并标明城市考点,A/G类,听力,阅读,大小作文,谢谢！特请亚太其他国家,欧洲,北美,南美,非洲等其他考区的烤鸭们也积极回忆吧
特别提醒：雅思考试20多年来，有非常严格的规律性和出题思路。全世界有6大考区，而只有一个剑桥考试中心几个人在出题，每个考区一周平均要出一份考卷，一个月很多考区平均出24份考卷。（尤其是2018-2019年以来,中国大陆的广州、北京、上海、重庆，还有北美、澳洲、亚太考区开始增加雅思机考的选择，机考的城市几乎每天都有雅思考试，一个月考官要出20几份雅思机考卷子，机考跟传统纸质考试的区别只是纸质和电脑上考试的区别，考试内容、评分标准、难度等级、考试题型、考试安全设置等方面均与现行的纸笔模式完全一致。）雅思考试如此频繁，如何保证达到难度一样呢，如何保证新题难度、准确度和评价机制公平呢，所以只能是20年来的题库旧题目的有效组合，新题不能超出5%-10%,每份雅思卷子都是90%-99%以上旧题。每一份雅思考试试题其实是大部分旧题原题真题+个别新题目的重新组合，多年雅思考官和专家Edward老师非常熟悉雅思出题规律和听说读写题库出题组合卷子的秘诀，IRP资料因此而诞生！具体请阅读http://bbs.ieltstofelglobal.com/thread-32-1-1.html 
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发表于 2019-9-2 10:16:14
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