综合写作解析
阅读主要观点提取
总论点：有三个理论可以用来解释为什么动物会玩耍。
理论一：精力过剩理论（surplus energy theory）。一些动物通过食物获取的能量会有剩余，所以它们需要通过玩耍来释放多余的能力。
理论二：本能理论（instinct-practice theory）。动物玩的行为是天生的，一些动物在玩耍的时候会有一些攻击和咬的行为，而这些行为在它们捕猎的时候是必不可少的。
理论三：社交理论（social functions theory）。动物玩耍是为了和它们群体中的其它成员建立联系。
听力主要观点提取
总论点：阅读中的三个理论都是错误的（false）。
分论点一：一些海洋生物，如海豹（seals）。幼小的海豹经常需要饿好几天才能吃到妈妈从远处带回来的食物。这没有吃的那几天中，幼小的海豹是没有多余的能量的。然而，它们还是会玩耍。
分论点二：有一些动物即使不玩耍也能学会捕猎的技能。研究人员做了一个实验，两组猫，一组让它们玩耍，另一组不让它们玩。然而结果显示，那些有过玩耍经历的猫长大后捕猎的技能并没有十分突出。
分论点三：动物在和群体成员建立联系并不一定需要通过玩耍。当老鼠年老不再玩耍的时候，它们仍然可以建立social bonds。
独立写作解析［2015-03-14真题］
满分范文
Reading books and watching movies are two most common entertainments. Nowadays, more and more popular books are adapted to movies by filmmakers. In the coexistence of books and films, some people prefer to read the book before watching the movie. Others are willing to read the book after they have watched the movie. From my opinion, I will choose the latter option.
First and foremost, watching movies is easier for people to be understood and it is more vivid. Movies present story from various aspects, such as visually and acoustically. People can feel characters’ emotions from actors’ performances, their facial expressions and even background music. With the advancement of cinematography, filmmakers invented 3D (three dimensional), 4D and even 5D movies. This provides fully immersive, totally convincing virtual reality for people and further enhances the experiences of the stories. In contrast, books just use numerous words to express the plots and feelings without any images and sounds. It might be very abstract for people who cannot understand the true intentions of the author. If readers cannot understand the contents very well, they will not comprehend the ideas that writers intend to convey. Compared to long-windedness in books, it is audio-visual experiences from movies that engage people interests, leaving them a more profound impression about what happened. So, watching movies first is better.
Furthermore, watching movies is more efficient and will arouse people’s interests to read the book. As we all know, it takes people about two hours to watch a movie, whereas, people have to spend a few weeks or even months to finish reading a whole book. From the perspective of time, watching movies is time-saving. Besides, after watching a movie, people can get a general picture about the corresponding book. If people are attracted by the movie, they will read the book, while they can choose to give up the book if they are not interested in the movie. It is undeniable that some plots would be adapted and even be abridged when they are performed in the movie. But, in this way, our imagination can be fully stimulated and this people will be intrigued with what talk about in the book. Then, after watching the movie, people will full of curiosities to explore the contents in the book. In fact, some books are rarely known by people, but after making movies based on these books, these books become increasingly best-selling. Therefore, I prefer to watch movies before reading books.
In general, although the plots in the book are more coherent and accurate, the slight adaptations in the movie do not affect the understanding of the theme of entire the story. I still hold the opinion that watching the movie before people read the book is better because the watching movies is more vivid and efficient.
|Archiver|手机版|小黑屋|雅思托福英语全球网
( 闽ICP备14014910号 )
|
闽公网安备 35020302034732号
发表于 2017-10-23 11:30:29
QQ好友和群
QQ空间
腾讯微博
腾讯朋友
收藏