如何识别主旨目的题？
What are the students mainly discussing?
What is the main topic of the talk?
What is the lecture mainly about?
What is the talk mainly about?
What is the main purpose of the lecture?
What is the professor mainly discussing?
文章的主旨展开方式
（1）直接展开：
today we are going to talk about…
I’d like to begin my lecture by introducing…
let’s focus on…
let’s now take a look at…
（2）问答式展开：
how are companies typically structured?
Do you remember what they are?
How can you understand it?
Why does human being consider it important?
干扰选项特征：
Too general: an idea that is beyond the focus of the conversation or lecture
too specific: a supporting detail instead of a main idea
inaccurate: not true, or only partially true, according to the speakers
irrelevant: about something that the speakers don’t mention
如何识别细节题？
What problem does the man have?
According to the conversation, what are two ways in which bacteria cells get resistance genes?
Why does the professor talk about Plato’s description of society?
如何识别功能题？
What does the professor imply when he says this: (reply)
What can be inferred from the professor’s response to the student?
What is the purpose of the woman’s response? Why does the student say this?
托福听力中的常见功能：
（1） Explanation: Simply put/ Let’s put in this way/ I think I should/ you mean
（2） Conclusion: now to sum/ wrap up my speech
（3）Suggestion: you should have done something better
（4） Inspiration: come on, you are supposed to know this…
（5） Emphasis: please bear in mind that…/ Rhetorical question
（6） Correcting mistake: Excuse me, Actually, Did I say XXX? I mean YYY. Oh, wait a minutes, What am I saying? wait a minute/ I made a slip of tongue
如何识别态度题？
What can be inferred about the student?
What is the professor’s attitude toward…?
What is the professor’s opinion of …?
What can be inferred about the student when she says this:
What does the woman mean when she says this:
托福听力中的常见态度：
（1） Awful: woops! Uh-uh! Oh, no! Oh, dear! Oh, shoot! （2） Remind: I don’t think you will do/ I was wondering if you will do something/ I don’t imagine if you do…/ you haven’t done something, have you?
（3） Pity: what a shame/ that’s too bad/ I’m sorry to hear that/ tough luck
（4）Eulogy: Fabulous=Fab; Magnificent=Magnif; Glamorous=Glam; Excellent; Terrific; Awesome; Amazing; Fantastic; Incredible; Outstanding; Superb; Charming; Good job
（5）to the professor: Fascinating; Catching; Instructive; Stimulating; Thought-provoking;
（6） Surprise: Gee! Jesus! My dear! Boy! Jesus Christ! Man! Oh, my God! Gosh! Oh, my! What! Dear me!
（7） Tactful refuse: Sounds great, but/ Sounds like fun, but/ that’s tempting, but/ I wish I could, but/ I’d love to, but/ I’d really like to, but/ I would (if I could), but/ I meant to, but/ I have been meaning to (do something), but/ I should have, but…
如何识别结构题？
How is the information in the lecture organized?
How does the professor clarify the points he makes about Mexico?
托福lecture文章的三种典型结构
(1)定义结构
(2)比较结构
(3)问题解决型结构
常见考点
举例考点
典型提示词：For example / for instance / like / if / take...as an example / let's see / there be...
注意事项：依照结构题的考查内容，要关注举例的目的，即例子所对应的观点。
转折考点
典型提示词：but / however / although / in fact / actually
强调考点
典型提示词：
①表重要：important(ly) / significant(ly) / critical / key
②表特别：particularly / especially / specifically
③表重复：I mean / and again / what I mean is
④表绝对：only / all / 最高级
⑤表程度：really / pretty / quite / very
⑥表强烈情感：funny / interseting
因果考点
典型提示词：because / why / so / since / reason / as / due to / result from
专业术语考点
典型提示词：
①引出术语：is called XXX / is known XXX /停顿
②解释术语：XXX is a...(way/phenomenon/term)
XXX is defined as...
XXX means...
XXX refers to...
③进一步说明：you know...(很多时候作为解释含义出现)
如何识别推理题？
What can be inferred about …?
What does the professor imply about …?
What will the students do in the summer?
推理题的解题技巧
（1）注意出现的观点性语言：in my opinion, as far as I’m concerned, personally, pay attention, from my point of view
（2）注意进度条和结尾段的引申
（3）注意首尾段的遥相辉映
（4）正确选项经常是文章中没有出现的单词
