回忆1：
澳大利亚考场：
小作文线图，1950-2050新西兰四组不同年龄分段的人口占比图。
大作文：spoken communication is more powerful than written communication. To what extend do you agree or disagree.
回忆2：
阅读
第一篇：是纸的历史
第二篇：音乐对大脑的影响
内容概述：本文介绍了三名不同的科学家通过研究发现不同的音乐类型对大脑有不同的影响。
段落配对 5：
14. F 该段中的实验涉及了孩子
15. C 该段中对于一个artefact有新的发现
16. D 该段中的实验得出了大脑的不同部分有不同的功能
17. G 该段的结论非常令人惊讶
18. B 该段的实验必须保证变量不变
填空4：
19. 实验之前要确保实验人员的physical health处于正常状态
20. 实验人员在一边听音乐的同时要接受brain scans
21. 一些有节奏的音乐可以用来disabled的人恢复健康
22. 这些有节奏的音乐可以提升人们的walking速度
作者观点配对：
23 C - Joyce Chen
24. A - N C
25. B - Z R
26. C - Joyce Chen
第三篇：新西兰全球变暖（Global Warming in New Zealand）
A
For many environmentalists, the world seems to be getting warmer. As the nearest country of South Polar Region, New Zealand has maintained an upward trend in its average temperature in the past few years. However, the temperature in New Zealand will go up 40C in the next century while the polar region will go up more than 60C. The different pictures of temperature stem from its surrounding ocean which acts like the air conditioner. Thus New Zealand is comparatively fortunate.
B
Scientifically speaking, this temperature phenomenon in New Zealand originated from what researchers call "SAM" {Southern Annular Mode), which refers to the wind belt that circles the Southern Oceans including New Zealand and Antarctica. Yet recent work has revealed that changes in SAM in New Zealand have resulted in a weakening of moisture during the summer, and more rainfall in other seasons. A bigger problem may turn out to be heavier droughts for agricultural activities because of more water loss from soil, resulting in poorer harvest before winter when the rainfall arrive too late to rescue.
C
Among all the calamities posed by drought, moisture deficit ranks the first. Moisture deficit is the gap between the water plants need during the growing season and the water the earth can offer. Measures of moisture deficit were at their highest since the 1970s in New Zealand. Meanwhile, ecological analyses clearly show moisture deficit is imposed at different growth stage of crops. If moisture deficit occurs around a crucial growth stage, it will cause about 22% reduction in grain yield as opposed to moisture deficit at vegetative phase.
D
Global warming is not only affecting agriculture production. When scientists say the country's snow pack and glaciers are melting at an alarming rate due to global warming, the climate is putting another strain on the local places. For example, when the development of global warming is accompanied by the falling snow line, the local skiing industry comes into a crisis. The snow line may move up as the temperature goes up, and then the snow at the bottom will melt earlier. Fortunately, it is going to be favourable for the local skiing industry to tide over tough periods since the quantities of snowfall in some areas are more likely to increase.
E
What is the reaction of glacier region? The climate change can be reflected in the glacier region in southern New Zealand or land covered by ice and snow. The reaction of a glacier to a climatic change involves a complex chain of processes. Over time periods of years to several decades, cumulative changes in mass balance cause volume and thickness changes, which will affect the flow of ice via altered internal deformation and basal sliding. This dynamic reaction finally leads to glacier length changes, the advance or retreat of glacier tongues. Undoubtedly, glacier mass balance is a more direct signal of annual atmospheric conditions.
F
The latest research result of National Institute of Water and Atmospheric (NIWA) Research shows that glaciers line keeps moving up because of the impacts of global warming. Further losses of ice can be reflected in Mt. Cook Region. By 1996, a 14 km long sector of the glacier had melted down forming a melt lake (Hooker Lake) with a volume. Melting of the glacier front at a rate of 40 m/yr will cause the glacier to retreat at a rather uniform rate. Therefore, the lake will continue to grow until it reaches the glacier bed.
G
A direct result of the melting glaciers is the change of high tides that serves the main factor for sea level rise. The trend of sea level rise will bring a threat to the groundwater system for its hyper-saline groundwater and then pose a possibility to decrease the agricultural production. Many experts believe that the best way to counter this trend is to give a longer-term view of sea level change in New Zealand. Indeed, the coastal boundaries need to be upgraded and redefined.
H
There is no doubt that global warming has affected New Zealand in many aspects. The emphasis on the global warming should be based on the joints efforts of local people and experts who conquer the tough period. For instance, farmers are taking a long term, multi-generational approach to adjust the breeds and species according to the temperature, Agriculturists also find ways to tackle the problems that may bring to the soil. In broad terms, going forward, the systemic resilience that's been going on a long time in the ecosystem will continue.
I
How about animals' reaction? Experts have surprisingly realised that animals have unconventional adaptation to global warming. A study has looked at sea turtles on a few northern beaches in New Zealand and it is very interesting to find that sea turtles can become male of female according to the temperature. Further researches will try to find out how rising temperatures would affect the ratio of sex reversal in their growth. Clearly, the temperature of the nest plays a vital role in the sexes of the baby turtles,
J
Tackling the problems of global warming is never easy in New Zealand, because records show the slow process of global warming may have a different impact on various regions. For New Zealand, the emission of carbon dioxide only accounts for 0.5% of the world's total, which has met the governmental standard. However, (New Zealand's effort counts only a tip of the iceberg. So far, global warming has been a world issue that still hangs in an ambiguous future.
Questions 27-32
Choose the correct letter A, B, C or D.
Write the correct letter in boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet.
27. What is the main idea of the first paragraph?
A The temperature in the polar region will increase less than that in New Zealand in the next century.
B The weather and climate of New Zealand is very important to its people because of its close location to the polar region.
C The air condition in New Zealand will maintain a high quality because of the ocean.
D The temperature of New Zealand will increase less than that of other region in the next 100 years because it is surrounded by sea.
28. What is one effect of the wind belt that circles the Southern Oceans?
A New Zealand will have more moisture in winds in summer.
B New Zealand needs to face droughts more often in hotter months in a year.
C Soil water will increase as a result of weakening moisture in the winds
D Agricultural production will be reduced as a result of more rainfall in other seasons.
29. What does “moisture deficit” mean to the grain and crops?
A The growing condition will be very tough for crops.
B The growing season of some plants can hardly be determined.
C There will be a huge gap between the water plants needed and the water the earth can offer.
D The soil of the grain and crops in New Zealand reached its lowest production since 1970s.
30. What changes will happen to skiing industry due to the global warming phenomenon?
A The skiing station may lower the altitude of skiing
B Part of the skiing station needs to move to the north.
C The snowfall may increase in part of skiing station.
D The local skiing station may likely to make a profit because of the snowfall increase.
31. Cumulative changes over a long period of time in mass balance will lead to
A Alterations is the volume and thickness of glaciers.
B Faster changes in internal deformation and basal sliding.
C Larger length of glaciers.
D Retreat of glacier tongues as a result of change in annual atmospheric conditions.
32. Why does the writer mention NIWA in the sixth paragraph?
A To use a particular example to explain the effects brought by glacier melting.
B To emphasize the severance of the further loss of ice in Mt. Cook Region.
C To alarm the reader of melting speed of glaciers at a uniform rate.
D To note the lake in the region will be disappear when it reach the glacier bed.
Questions 33-35
Complete the summary below.
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.
Research date shows that sea level has a closely relation with the change of climate. The major reason for the increase in sea level is connected with 33. high tides The increase in sea level is also said to have a threat to the underground water system, the destruction of which caused by rise of sea level will lead to a high probability of reduction in 34 agricultural production . In the long run, New Zealand may have to improve the 35 coastal boundaries if they want to diminish the effect change in sea levels.
Questions 36-40
Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage?
YES if the statement agree with the claims of the writer
NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this
36 Farmers are less responsive to climate change than agriculturists.---NG
37 Agricultural sector is too conservative and resistant to deal with climate change.---NG
38 Turtle is vulnerable to climate change.---N
39 The global warming is going slowly, and it may have different effects on different areas in New Zealand.---Y
40 New Zealand must cut carbon dioxide emission if they want to solve the problem of global warming.---N
题目答案解析：
27. 根据题目中的 “the first paragraph” 和选项 A 中的 “temperature”、“less than” 和 “next century”定位至第1段第3句3选项A的意思是“极地地区温度上升的比新西兰少”， 这和原文意思相反，所以选项A不正确。选项B的意思是“新西兰的天气与气候对 新西兰人很重要是因为它的位置离极地很近”，此选项的原因部分属于无中生有，所 以选项B不正确。根据选项C的“air condition”定位至第I段第4句，该句说“海 洋像空调一样可以调节新西兰的温度”，但没说新西兰的空气质量，因此选项C不正 确。结合原文第1段第3、4句，可知“在下一个世纪中，新西兰的气温上升相对极 地要少，因为海洋可以帮助调节温度”，这与选项D的意思一致，因此本题选D。
28.根据题目中的“wind belt”和选项A中的“moisture”定位至第2段第2句。选项A 说的是“夏天的风里有更多湿气”，这和文章中“weakening of moisture”正好相反， 此项不正确。选项C中“Soil water”对应第2段末句，文中说“土壤水分会下降 而不是上升，原因也不是因为风中的湿气下降，此项不正确。选项D说“由于其他 季节雨水增加，农业产量会减少”，而文中说的是“农业活动受夏季干旱的影响，即 便其他季节降雨量增加也无济于事”，选项D与原文信息不符，故此选项不正确。选 项B说“新西兰在一年较热的季节里会闻临干旱问题”,原文第2段最后两句也说“夏 季降雨鼠减少，土壤中水分进一步减少，干旱加剧”，选项B与原文信息一致。本題 答案为B。
29久根据顺序原则和“moisture deficit”定位至第3段，本段最后部分说到“土壤水分缺 失会导致大约22%的产量减少”,侧面反映出水分缺失会使农作物的生长条件变艰苦： 选项A为正确答案。选项B错误，因为文章中并没有说植物的生长季节会因为“moisture deficit”而变得“hardly be determined”选项C错误，虽然文中有提到此内容，但是 和grain以及crops没直接因果关系，且缺少“a huge gap”这个信息点。选项D和题目没有逻辑关系，尽管此段中第3句话说到“自1970年后，新西兰土壤水分缺失达 到最高”，但是这并不意味着grain和crops的产量在1970年之后达到最低，所以D 选项错误。本题选A。
30. 根据题目中的“skiing industry”和选项A中的“altitude”定位至第4段，选项A说 的是“滑雪站可能会降低滑雪的海拔高度”，这与文章内容相反，文章说因为随着新 西兰目前的温度不断上升，“the snow line may move up”雪线可能会上升，正常情况 下“skiing station”应该提高“altitude”，所以A选项错误。选项B “部分滑雪站需 要向北面移动”，文章中根本没有提到，属于无中生有的信息。选项C与文中“the quantities of snowfall in some areas are more likely to increase’ 的意思一致，为正确答案。 选项D错误，文中虽然有提到积雪量在某些station上升，但是没有说上升就会有盈利， 这是过度推断的选项。本题选C。
31. 根据顺序原则和“Cumulative changes”定位到第5段第4句，其中题目中的“Alterations” 与原文中的 “changes” 为同义替换，改变的内容在文章中为原词出现，即: thickness 和 volume。因此，选项 A 正确。选项 B 说“internal deformation and basal sliding”这个改变会很迅速，但文章并未提到“faster changes”，该选项错误。选项 C指glaciers的length变长，原文中只提到会改变长度，但没有提是变长还是变短， 该选项错误3 选项 D 中“retreat of glacier tongues” 和后面的 “annual atmospheric conditions”没有对应的因果关系，该选项多出!这个无中生有的因果关系，选项D 错误。本题选A。
32. 本题答案的得出需要依靠对整段的理解，文中举NIWA的例子就是为了证明全球变 暖后冰川融化带来的影响，所以选项A正确。选项B提到的“Mt. Cook地区消融的 雪”在文中有所提及，但是这个细节不是NIWA所直接指代的内容。而选项C中所 说的“alarm the reader”在文中没有提及，与MWA所指代的内容并没有直接的逻辑 关系，所以B和C这两个选项都不正确。选项D说“湖泊会消失”，这与文中“the lake will continue to grow until it reaches the glacier bed” 的内容相反，因此选项 D 错误。
所以本题选A。
Questions 33-35
33. 根据顺序原则和“sea level”定位至第7段.预览题目判断该空填的应该是名词。空格之前的“is connected with”需要注意，因为它引出了该空格所填词的词性3同时， 文中的“main factor”同义替换了题目中的“major reason”，因此句子附近的“high tides”就是“sea level”上升的主要原因，正确答案是high tides。
34. 根据顺序原则和“water system”定位至第7段第2句。文中提到“The trend of sea level rise will bring a threat to the groundwater system",这对应了题目中的 “have a threat to the underground water system.’。空格之前的“reduction’ 与原文中的'’decrease 为同义替换，本题的答案是agricultural production。
35. 题目末句的开始“In the long run”对应文中的“a longer-term”，文中说海岸线需要 被“upgraded”和“redefined”，对应题目中的“improve”，因此需要被提升的东西就 是正确答案，即 coastal boundaries。
Questions 36-40
36. 根据顺序原则和细节信息“Farmers”和“agriculturists”定位至第8段。该段提到农 民和农业专家对气候变化作出及时反应，但是并没有将两者进行比较，所以正确答案为 NOTGIVEN
37第 8 段提到 “Agriculturists also find ways to tackle the problems that may bring to the soil.”意为“农学家也在找寻解决土壤可能面临的问题的方法”。但并没有说他们这个领域应对气候变化很保守，所以正确答案为NOT GIVEN。
38. 根据顺序原则和细节信息“Turtle”定位到第9段。第9段第2句就说“animals have unconventional adaptation to global warming”，后面举的例子就能证明这一点3 而且， 后面说到海龟的性別会根据温度不同来决定，说明海龟是适应气候环境变化的典型： 题目中“vulnerable to"(易受……伤害的)和原文意思不符，所以正确答案为NO。
39第 10 段中提到了 “records show the slow process of global warming may have a different impact on various regions”，这与题目意思是完全吻合的，所以正确答案为YES。
40.根据细节信息“carbon dioxide emission”定位到第10段第2、3句，可综合理解为: 新西兰的二氧化碳排放量只占全世界排放量的很少一部分，即便达到了排放要求， 也是杯水车薪，并不会影响全局。这与题目的意思相反，所以正确答案为N0。
回忆3：
听力
Section 1
主题提示:告别晚会的预订
2 people want to reserve a leaving party at Rose Restaurant
1-2) Sentence completion
1 Which room do they want to choose with the color?
there are red, blue, green: green room with large lounge
2 estimated number of people that would join in: 40
(because at beginning its 24, then many friends in work would join, so nearly 40 people)
3-10)Information Filling:
3 Seat Planning: 3 long table
4 Layout should have: background music, drinks,and flowers
5 Which company held this party
Smith Brothers' s Engineering company.
6 Postcode of the company: S132RT
7 contact: Collins
8 Contact number district number already given
0114-2531468
9-10)additional request: service: still need a big cake
And selection of 15 pounds drinks and snacks land
(好像是分别有10磅、15磅、20磅的套餐),为了省钱给 drinks
Time of party is 28th June
Section 2
景点参观
Section 3
主题提示
Two students and a teacher discuss a bird observation(观鸟) project
21-23) Table completion填表
21 Requirement for experimental project (1) quantities
21.small scale and
22(2 )Costs within! budget(the teacher said the experiment cost little and should control the expense under " budget)
23 the birds are fed on: seed, fruits and nuts(student said what about bread, teacher recommend the nuts(better)/.
24-26) Completion填空
24 inside the observed-area position of the table in each garden: underneath a tree
25 birds daily observe frequency/time:5 minutes (the male said half an hour, the female said 5 minute will be enough the birds may come over again, repetitive calculation of birds number will be incorrect.)
26-30) Matching搭配题
a these will be done by themselves
b these will be done by the observers
c these will not be included in the form
26 date recorded by---A in the dialogue, themselves
27 types of birds by?-A They both agree they(observers) can not handle it coz there will be too many birds
28 birds food by -B the 3 types printed in the form, and let the observers tick, themselves could do something like writing the dates
29 birds photo by?---C (go for pictures in the library, too many of them, easy to find them in the published column of professional birds 'researchers
30 comments by?-B Female said they would not bother the comment, it is printed on the left-hand of the form, by observers, the male agree))
Section 4
地理旅
回忆4：
回忆5：
回忆6：
回忆7：
回忆8：
回忆9：
回忆10：
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