A When light travels from one medium to another, it generally bends, or refracts. The law of refraction gives us a way of predicting the amount of bending. Refraction has many applications in optics and technology. A prism uses refraction to form an image of an object for many different purposes, such as magnification. A prism uses refraction to form colors from an incident beam of light Refraction also plays an important role in the information of a mirage and other illusions. The law of refraction is also known as Snell's Law, named after Willobrord Snell, who discovered the law in 1621. Although senlls's sine law of refraction is now taught routinely in undergraduate courses ,the quest for it spaned many centuries and involved many celebrated scientists. Perhaps the most interesting thing is that the first discovery of the sine law, made by the sixteenth-century English scientist Thomas Harriot (1560-1621) , has been almost completely overlooked by physicists, despite much published materialderscribing his contribution
27 X
【原文参考依据——B段第四行和第七行】第四行J.W.Shirley说的话"(Thomas Harriot was) England's most profound mathematician, most imaginative and methodical experiment scientist". profound渊博的。
以及第七行He also studied navigation and astronomy.也说明了Harriot涉及范围很广。
28 v
【原文参考依据——C】C段谈到了探索新世界(北美洲)的事，而且很明显没有提到1588年发表的report的具体内容。
29 ix
【原文参考依据——D段首句】Harriot kept regular correspondence with other scientists and mathematicians, especially in England but also in mainland Europe, notably with Johannes Kepler. notably尤其。之后描述了Harriot和Kepler通信的内容，最后才说Harriot开始变的不情愿，通信终止。而且文中一直在说通信，没有合作，都是Harriot单方面给Kepler数据。
30 iii
【原文参考依据——
31 vii
【原文参考依据——G段倒数第五行】答案是迟来的肯定，G段倒数第五行就可以看到类似的描述，an appreciation of Harriot's contribution started to grow in the second half of the twentieth century.
32 magnification
【原文参考依据——A段第四句】A lens uses refraction to form an image of an object for many different purposes, such as magnification.
33 a prism/prisms
【原文参考依据——A段第五句】A prism uses refraction to form a spectrum of colors from an incident beam of light.
34 land and language
【原文参考依据——C段第五行和第八行】答案是由第五行和第八行综合得出来的，topography and language。第四行开始的Harriot observed the topography, flora and fauna, made many drawings and maps……. 以及第6行开始的Harriot worked out a phonetic transcription of the native people's speech sounds and began to learn the language,……
前面关于“地理土地”的工作也是
35 ship design
【原文参考依据—— C段末句】He also undertook a study of ballistics and ship design for Raleigh in advance of the Spanish Armada's arrival.
flight dynamics和原文ballistics对应，都是弹道，就是子弹的飞行动力学。
36 (the)rainbow refraction / refraction in rainbow (注意字数限制 3个)
【原文参考依据——E段最后一行】……and correctly understood refraction in the rainbow before Descartes.由于字数限制被改短语结构
37 D
【原文参考依据——B段倒数第三句】Between October17, 1610 and February 26, 1612, he observed the moons of Jupiter, which had already discovered by Galieo.
38 B
【原文参考依据——书籍坐标D26，D27】Unfortunately, Ptolemy's data was in error, so Kepler could obtain only an approximation which he published in 1640.
39 E
【原文参考依据——B段倒数第二句】While observing Jupiter's moon, he(即前文提到的Harriot)made a discovery of his own: sunspots, which he viewed 199 times between……
40A
【原文参考依据——A段第八至十行】The law of refraction is also known as Snell's Law, named after Willobrord Snell, who discovered the law in 1621.
