回忆1：
澳洲 小作文五个国家制作电影数量，大作文private health care优劣势
听力s1好像房屋出租 答案好像有bathroom sink road s2好像是vacuum博物馆 s3是个配对题 s4好像是飞机和蜜蜂的一道题
阅读第一篇 关于长毛象 第二篇 一本书的review 第三篇 电影的啥技术
回忆2：
写作：小作文柱状图五个国家电影产量，大作文medical service be run by profit-making company
回忆3：
澳洲 雅思A类小作文柱图，大作文 Somebody argue that the good health is basic human needs, so the medical service should not be run by profit-making companies.利弊对比
回忆4：
大陆：阅读 一篇左右手，一篇气味，一篇小语种
回忆5：
大陆 小作文是柱状图 2009年各个年龄段用newer technologies的人数，大作文 青少年犯罪是否和成年人一样处罚
回忆6：
大作文 Young people who commit serious crimes, such as robbery and（记不清）should be punished as adult. To what extent you agree? 小作文柱形图 新科技产品各个年龄段的拥有情况
回忆7：
大陆听力
Section1:旅游场景对话，涉及运动比较多
Section2:地图题（运动主题）
Section3:讲去墨西哥实地考察
21. 要参加先要C fill in application form
22. 学校要出多少钱？A 450
23．生物学家怎么定义 desert? A it evaporates faster than it falls
24. 对三种沙漠的选择，先说出了第一和第三种，最后选了第二种。B marine desert
25. 因为这块地方的鸟类种类多且奇特：C birds
26. the field trip is for undergraduate students
27. ship as a base
28. write a journal every day
29. the oldest tree student may see is 800 years old
30. a reference book named “ Black Earth” B
Section4:大象相关
阅读
Passage1:讨论左右撇子(Being Left-handed in a Right-handed World) The world is designed for right-handed people. Why does a tenth of the population prefer the left?
A The probability that two right-handed people would have a left-handed child is only about 9.5 percent. The chance rises to 19.5 percent if one parent is a lefty and 26 percent if both parents are left-handed. The preference, however, could also stem from an infant’s imitation of his parents. To test genetic influence, starting in the 1970s British biologist Marian Annett of the University of Leicester hypothesized that no single gene determines handedness. Rather, during fetal development, a certain molecular factor helps to strengthen the brain’s left hemisphere, which increases the probability that the right hand will be dominant, because the left side of the brain controls the right side of the body, and vice versa. Among the minority of people who lack this factor, handedness develops entirely by chance. Research conducted on twins complicates the theory, however. One in fivesets of identical twins involves one right-handed and one left-handed person, despite the fact that their genetic material is the same. Genes, therefore, are not solely responsible for handedness.
B Genetic theory is also undermined by results from Peter Hepper and his team at Queen’s University in Belfast, Ireland. In 2004 the psychologists used ultrasound to show that by the 15th week of pregnancy, fetuses already have a preference as to which thumb they suck. In most cases, the preference continued after birth. At 15 weeks, though, the brain does not yet have control over the body’s limbs. Hepper speculates that fetuses tend to prefer whichever side of the body is developing quicker and that their movements, in turn, influence the brain’s development. Whether this early preference is temporary or holds up throughout development and infancy is unknown. Genetic predetermination is also contradicted by the widespread observation that children do not settle on either their right or left hand until they are two or three years old.
C But even if these correlations were true, they did not explain what actually causes left-handedness. Furthermore, specialization on either side of the body is common among animals. Cats will favor one paw over another when fishing toys out from under the couch. Horses stomp more frequently with one hoof than the other. Certain crabs motion predominantly with the left or right claw. In evolutionary terms, focusing power and dexterity in one limb is more efficient than having to train two, four or even eight limbs equally. Yet for most animals, the preference for one side or the other is seemingly random. The overwhelming dominance of the right hand is associated only with humans. That fact directs attention toward the brain’s two hemispheres and perhaps toward language.
D Interest in hemispheres dates back to at least 1836. That year, at a medical conference, French physician Marc Dax reported on an unusual commonality among his patients. During his many years as a country doctor, Dax had encountered more than 40 men and women for whom speech was difficult, the result of some kind of brain damage. What was unique was that every individual suffered damage to the left side of the brain. At the conference, Dax elaborated on his theory, stating that each half of the brain was responsible for certain functions and that the left hemisphere controlled speech. Other experts showed little interest in the Frenchman’s ideas. Over time, however, scientists found more and more evidence of peopleexperiencing speech difficulties following injury to the left brain. Patients with damage to the right hemisphere most often displayed disruptions in perception or concentration. Major advancements in understanding the brain’s asymmetry were made in the 1960s as a result of so-called split-brain surgery, developed to help patients with epilepsy. During this operation, doctors severed the corpus callosum—the nerve bundle that connects the two hemispheres. The surgical cut also stopped almost all normal communication between the two hemispheres, which offered researchers the opportunity to investigate each side’s activity.
E In 1949 neurosurgeon Juhn Wada devised the first test to provide access to the brain’s functional organization of language. By injecting an anesthetic into the right or left carotid artery, Wada temporarily paralyzed one side of a healthy brain, enabling him to more closely study the other side’s capabilities. Based on this approach, Brenda Milner and the late Theodore Rasmussen of the Montreal Neurological Institute published a major study in 1975 that confirmed the theory that country doctor Dax had formulated nearly 140 years earlier: in 96 percent of right-handed people, language is processed much more intensely in the left hemisphere. The correlation is not as clear in lefties, however. For two thirds of them, the left hemisphere is still the most active language processor. But for the remaining third, either the right side is dominant or both sides work equally, controlling different language functions. That last statistic has slowed acceptance of the notion that the predominance of right-handedness is driven by left-hemisphere dominance in language processing. It is not at all clear why language control should somehow have dragged the control of body movement with it. Some experts think one reason the left hemisphere reigns over language is because the organs of speech processing—the larynx and tongue—are positioned on the body’s symmetry axis. Because these structures were centered, it may have been unclear, in evolutionary terms, which side of the brain should control them, and it seems unlikely that shared operation would result in smooth motor activity. Language and handedness could have developed preferentially for verydifferent reasons as well. For example, some researchers, including evolutionary psychologist Michael C. Corballis of the University of Auckland in New Zealand, think that the origin of human speech lies in gestures. Gestures predated words and helped language emerge. If the left hemisphere began to dominate speech, it would have dominated gestures, too, and because the left brain controls the right side of the body, the right hand developed more strongly.
F Perhaps we will know more soon. In the meantime, we can revel in what, if any, differences handedness brings to our human talents. Popular wisdom says right-handed, left-brained people excel at logical, analytical thinking. Lefthanded, right-brained individuals are thought to possess more creative skills and may be better at combining the functional features emergent in both sides of the brain. Yet some neuroscientists see such claims as pure speculation. Fewer scientists are ready to claim that left-handedness means greater creative potential. Yet lefties are prevalent among artists, composers and the generally acknowledged great political thinkers. Possibly if these individuals are among the lefties whose language abilities are evenly distributed between hemispheres, the intense interplay required could lead to unusual mental capabilities.
G Or perhaps some lefties become highly creative simply because they must be more clever to get by in our right-handed world. This battle, which begins during the very early stages of childhood, may lay the groundwork for exceptional achievements.
Questions 14-18
.............................................................................
Reading Passage 2 has seven sections A-G.
Which section contains the following information?
Write the correct letter A-G in boxes 14-18 on your answer sheet.
14 Preference of using one side of the body in animal species.
15 How likely one-handedness is born.
16 The age when the preference of using one hand is settled.
17 Occupations usually found in left-handed population.
18 A reference to an early discovery of each hemisphere’s function.
Questions 19-22
.............................................................................
Look at the following researchers (Questions 19-22) and the list of findings below.
Match each researcher with the correct finding.
Write the correct letter A-G in boxes 19-22 on your answer sheet.
List of Findings
A Early language evolution is correlated to body movement and thus
affecting the preference of use of one hand.
B No single biological component determines the handedness of a child.
C Each hemisphere of the brain is in charge of different body functions.
D Language process is mainly centered in the left-hemisphere of the brain.
E Speech difficulties are often caused by brain damage.
F The rate of development of one side of the body has influence on hemisphere preference in fetus.
G Brain function already matures by the end of the fetal stage.
19 Marian Annett
20 Peter Hepper
21 Brenda Milner & Theodore Rasmussen
22 Michael Corballis
Questions 23-26
.............................................................................
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2?
In boxes 23-26 on your answer sheet write
TRUE if the sataement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this
23 The study of twins shows that genetic determinationis not the only factor for left-handedness.
24 Marc Dax’s report was widely accepted in his time.
25 Juhn Wada based his findings on his research of people with language problems.
26 There tend to be more men with left-handedness than women.
答案：
14. C 15. A 16. B 17. F 18. D
19. B 20. F 21. D 22. A 23. YES
24. NO 25. NOT GIVEN 26. NOT GIVEN
Passage2: 嗅觉气味(判断题+填空)
Passage3:小语种的语言消失(Save Endangered Language)
“Obviously we must do some serious rethinking of our priorities, lest linguistics go down in history as the only science that presided obviously over the disappearance of 90percent of the very field to which it is dedicated. “-Michael Krauss, “The World’s Languages in Crisis ”.
A
Ten years ago Michael Krauss sent a shudder through the discipline of linguistics with his prediction that half the 6,000 or so languages spoken in the world would cease to be uttered within a century. Unless scientists and community leaders directed a worldwide effort to stabilize the decline of local languages, he warned, nine tenths of the linguistic diversity of humankind would probably be doomed to extinction. Krauss’s prediction was little more than an educated guess, but other respected linguists had been clanging out similar alarms. Keneth L. Hale of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology noted in the same journal issue that eight languages on which he had done fieldwork had since passed into extinction. A 1990 survey in Australia found that 70 of the 90 surviving Aboriginal languages were no longer used regularly by all age groups. The same was true for all but 20 of the 175 Native American languages spoken or remembered in the US., Krauss told a congressional panel in 1992.
B
Many experts in the field mourn the loss of rare languages, for several reasons. To start, there is scientific self-interest: some of the most basic questions in linguistics have to do with the limits of human speech, which are far from fully explored. Many researchers would like to know which structural elements of grammar and vocabulary—if any—are truly universal and probably therefore hardwired into the human brain. Other scientists try to reconstruct ancient migration patterns by comparing borrowed words that appear in otherwise unrelated languages. In each of these cases, the wider the portfolio of languages you study, the more likely you are to get the right answers.
C
Despite the near constant buzz in linguistics about endangered languages over the past 10 years, the field has accomplished depressingly little. “You would think that there would be some organized response to this dire situation,” some attempt to determine which language can be saved and which should b e documented before they disappear, says Sarah G. Thomason, a linguist at the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor. “But there isn’tany such effort organized in the profession. It is only recently that it has become fashionable enough to work on endangered languages.”Six years ago, recalls Douglas H. Whalen of Yale University, “when I asked linguists who wasraising money to deal with these problems, I mostly got blank stares.”So Whalen and a few other linguists founded the Endangered Languages Fund. In the five years to 2001 they were able to collect only $80,000 for research grants. A similar foundation in England, directed by Nicholas Ostler, has raised just $8,000 since 1995.
D
But there are encouraging signs that the field has turned a corner. The Volkswagen Foundation, a German charity, just issued its second round of grants totaling more than $2 million. It has created a multimedia archive at the MaxPlanck Institute for Psycholinguistics in the Netherlands that can house recordings, grammars, dictionaries and other data on endangered languages. To fill the archive, the foundation has dispatched field linguists to document Aweti (100 or so speakers in Brazil), Ega (about 300 speakers in Ivory Coast), Waima’a (a few hundred speakers in East Timor), and a dozen or so other languages unlikely to survive the century. The Ford Foundation has also edged into the arena. Its contributions helped to reinvigorate a master-apprentice program created in 1992 byLeanne Hinton of Berkeley and Native Americans worried about the imminent demise of about 50 indigenous languages in California. Fluent speakers receive $3,000 to teach a younger relative (who is also paid) their native tongue through 360 hours of shared activities, spread over six months. So far about 5 teams have completed the program, Hinton says, transmitting at least some knowledge of 25 languages. “It’s too early to call this language revitalization,”Hinton admits. “In California the death rate of elderly speakers will always be greater than the recruitment rate of young speakers. But at least we prolong the survival of the language.”That will give linguists more time to record these tongues before they vanish.
E
But the master-apprentice approach hasn’t caught on outside the U.S., and Hinton’s effort is a drop in the sea. At least 440 languages have been reduced to a mere handful of elders, according to the Ethnologue, a catalogue of languages produced by the Dallas-based group SIL International thatcomes closest to global coverage. For the vast majority of these languages, there is little or no record of their grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation or use in daily life. Even if a language has been fully documented, all that remains once it vanishes from active use is a fossil skeleton, a scattering of features that the scientist was lucky and astute enough to capture. Linguists may be able to sketch an outline of the forgotten language and fix its place on the evolutionary tree, but little more. “How did people start conversations and talk to babies? Howdid husbands and wives converse?”Hinton asks. “Those are the first things you want to learn when you want to revitalize the language.”
F
But there is as yet no discipline of “conservation linguistics, ”as there is forbiology. Almost every strategy tried so far has succeeded in some places but failed in others, and there seems to be no way to predict with certainty what will work where. Twenty years ago in New Zealand, Maori speakers set up “language nests,”in which preschoolers were immersed in the native language. Additional Maori-only classes were added as the children progressed through elementary and secondary school. A similar approach was tried in Hawaii, with some success—the number of native speakers has stabilized at 1,000 or so, reports Joseph E. Grimes of SIL International, who is working on Oahu. Students can now get instruction in Hawaiian all the way through university.
G
One factor that always seems to occur in the demise of a language is that the speakers begin to have collective doubts about the usefulness of language loyalty. Once they start regarding their own language as inferior to the majority language, people stop using it for all situations. Kids pick up on the attitude andprefer the dominant language. In many cases, people don’t notice until they suddenly realize that their kids never speak the language, even at home. This is how Cornish and some dialects of Scottish Gaelic is still only rarely used for daily home life in Ireland, 80 years after the republic was founded with Irish as its first official language.
H
Linguists agree that ultimately, the answer to the problem of language extinction is multilingualism. Even uneducated people can learn several languages, as long as they start as children. Indeed, most people in the world speak more than one tongue, and in places such as Cameroon (279 languages), Papua New Guinea (823) and India (387) it is common to speak three or four distinct languages and a dialect or two as well. Most Americans and Canadians, to the west of Quebec, have a gut reaction that anyone speaking another language in front of them is committing an immoral act. You get the same reaction in Australia and Russia. It is no coincidence that these are the areas where languages are disappearing the fastest. The first step in saving dying languages is to persuade the world’s majorities to allow the minorities among them to speak with their own voices.
Questions 27-33
The reading passage has eight paragraphs, A-H
Choose the correct heading for paragraphs A-H from the list below.Write the correct number, i-xi, in boxes 27-33 on your answer sheet.
List of Headings
i data consistency needed for language the SI TER
ii Solution for dying out language
iii positive gains for protection
iv minimum requirement for saving a language
v Potential threat to minority language
vi Value of minority language to linguists.
vii native language program launched
viii Subjective doubts as a negative factor
ix Practise in several developing countries
x Value of minority language to linguists.
xi government participation in language field
27 Paragraph A
28 Paragraph B
29Paragraph D
30Paragraph E
31Paragraph F
32Paragraph G
33Paragraph H
Questions 34-38
Use the information in the passage to match the people (listed A-F) with opinions or deeds below. Write the appropriate letters A-F in boxes 34-38 on your answer sheet.
A Nicholas Ostler
B Michael Krauss
C Joseph E. Grimes
D Sarah G. Thomason
E Keneth L. Hale
F Douglas H. Whalen
34 Reported language conservation practice in Hawaii
35 Predicted that many languages would disappear soon
36 Experienced languages die out personally
37 Raised language fund in England
38 Not enough effort on saving until recent work
Questions 39-40
Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.
Write your answers in boxes 39-40 on your answer sheet.
39 What is purpose of master-apprentice program sponsored by The Ford Foundation?
A Teach children how to speak
B Revive endangered language
C Preserve endanger red language
D Increase communication between students
40 What should majority language speaker should do according to the last paragraph?
A They should teach their children endangered language
B They should learn at least four languages
C They should show their loyalty to a dying language
D They should be more tolerant to minority language speaker
答案：
27 v, 28 x, 29 iii， 30 i， 31 vii， 32 viii， 33 ii
34 C 35 B 36 E 37 A 38. D 39.C 40.D
版本二：
写作：
大作文 Young people who commit serious crimes, such as a rubbery or a violent attack should be punished in the same way as adults. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
A类小作文：柱图，2009年各年龄层的拥有新技术产品比例
The chart below gives information about the possession of newer technologies by different age groups in UK in 2009.Summarize important information,and make comparison and contrast.
回忆8：
澳洲小作文：柱图，比较五个国家电影产量情况；
大作文：medical service should be run by profit making company, advantage vs disadvantage
回忆9：
澳洲
Task 1:
Bar Chart，关于五个国家（A,B,C,D,E）从2007到2009三年的电影生产数量的变化。
Task 2:
Somebody argue that the good health is basic human needs, so the medical service should not be run by profit-making companies. Do the disadvantages of private health care service outweigh the advantages?
回忆10：
英国 ：
小作文线图： 政府花费percentage of gdp 在health education retirement pension
大作文：说家长希望孩子多用点电脑或者平板，希望他们能有good technology skill 问你是不是好处大于坏处？
some parent wants young children watch more computer and tablet（ipad）, they think young children need technology skill. do u think the advantage outweigh disadvantage
回忆11：
回忆12：
为更好地促进做好Edward艾华师最新预测,请烤鸭们积极回忆在本文下面评论栏目里面,请尽量详细,并标明城市考点,A/G类,听力,阅读,大小作文,谢谢！特请亚太其他国家,欧洲,北美,南美,非洲等其他考区的烤鸭们也积极回忆吧
2017年4月29日雅思听力两旧、阅读三旧、口语、写作原题A类G类全面大中，全面开花！祝贺IPN会员将出现不少雅思高分人才！总体反馈请复制链接进入http://bbs.ieltstofelglobal.com/thread-234501-1-1.html
特别提醒：雅思考试20多年来，有非常严格的规律性和出题思路。全世界有6大考区，而只有一个剑桥考试中心几个人在出题，每个考区一周平均要出一份考卷，一个月出24份考卷，考官如何保证达到难度一样呢，如何保证新题难度、准确度和评价机制公平呢，所以只能是20年来的题库旧题目的有效组合，新题不能超出5-10%,每份雅思卷子都是95%-99%以上旧题原题真题。多年雅思考官和专家Edward老师非常熟悉雅思出题规律和听说读写题库出题组合卷子的秘诀，IPN资料因此而诞生！具体请阅读http://bbs.ieltstofelglobal.com/thread-32-1-1.html
1.2017年4月29日雅思考区命中A类大作文原题-孩子教育问题Today children find it difficult toconcentrate or pay attention at school. What do you think are the causes? Whatare the solutions? Edward老师IPN资料A类大作文原题命中，这是Edward全球雅思网络一对一课堂透彻讲练过的题目题型和素材，Edward IPN资料最重点第3题有多篇该题目的范文素材论据可以完全使用;再次在最重点预测命中到课堂中多次讲练过A类小作文是地图:比较一个town在1700年和2000的变化 QQ图片20170408134118.png (58.95KB, 下载次数: 0)。下载附件保存到相册3 小时前 上传这是全球雅思网络一对一课堂透彻讲练过的题目题型和素材,IPN会员A类小作文资料有多篇详细剑桥雅思风格的该图型写法和地道范文,素材和论据可以完全使用,恭喜全球网络一对一学员,IPN会员和看我们预测的考生们,应该发挥得很不错。
2.2017年4月29日雅思考区命中澳洲亚太A类大作文原题-小孩子观看电视的弊端-Some people say that what children watch on TV influencetheir behavior.Some say that the amount of time children watch TV influencebehavior. Discuss both views and give your opinion.Edward老师IPN资料A类大作文原题命中，这是Edward全球雅思网络一对一课堂透彻讲练过的题目题型和素材，Edward IPN资料最重点第4题有多篇该题目的范文素材论据可以完全使用;再次在最重点预测命中到课堂中多次讲练过A类小作文-流程图：塑料制品回收再利用流程QQ图片20170408134118.png (58.95 KB, 下载次数: 0)。这是全球雅思网络一对一课堂透彻讲练过的题目题型和素材,IPN会员A类小作文资料有多篇详细剑桥雅思风格的该图型写法和地道范文,素材和论据可以完全使用,恭喜全球网络一对一学员,IPN会员和看我们预测的考生们,应该发挥得很不错。
3.2017年4月29日雅思G类大作文真题命中- In some countries, some people prefer torent houses to buying them.Please give your opinions on the advantages anddisadvantages.（中国澳洲、新西兰香港、澳门、台湾、中国等考区）Edward老师再次命中，这是Edward全球雅思网络一对一课堂透彻讲练过的题目题型和素材,Edward G类预测IPN资料G类大作文最重点命中, IPN资料G类大作文有多篇该题目的范文素材论据可以完全使用; 再次在最重点预测到课堂中多次讲练过G类小作文书信- Last year,your company held a party in a hotel. This year your company is going to hold aparty in that hotel, too, Please write a letter to tell the manager:
describethe party that held last year
explainyour plans for this year's party
tell themanager what they need to do.这是全球雅思网络一对一课堂透彻讲练过的题目题型和素材,IPN会员G类小作文资料有多篇详细剑桥雅思风格的该书信写法和地道范文,素材和论据可以完全使用,恭喜全球网络一对一学员,IPN会员和看我们预测的考生们,应该发挥得很不错。
4.2017年雅思口语4月26日27日28日29日所有已经考完的话题，Edward再次在最重点连续全部预测命中,绝大部分是旧题和旧题目改造,IPN资料里面都有详细答案或者可以互相套同的答案,出现的新题库新题目已经更新到IPN资料:
近期口语新题和高频热点题
1.Part 2 Describe a decision made byothers that you disagree with.
2.Part2 Describea kind of food you first ate/An occasion when you ate something for the firsttime /A meal you like
3.Part 2 Describe a quietplace/Describe a place to relax/describeyour favorite park/garden
4.Part 2 Describe a smallbut successful business/company
Part 3 What are the characteristics of a small company/business?How can a small company /business be run successfully?
5.Part 2 Describe a well paid job/a perfect job youwould like to have in the future.
6.Part2 describe an interesting neighbour
Part 3 City dwellers seldom socialize with their neighbors today andthe sense of community has been lost. Why has this happened and how to solvethis problem?
How has the relationshipbetween neighbours changed between now and the past?
7.Part 2 Describe a timeyou wait for something special to happen
一级战备-必看最新雅思口语新题和高频题
1.Part2Describe a book you like to reread/read again.
2.Part2 Describesome one or something that made you laugh.
3.Part 2 Describea plan in your life
4.Part 2 Describeoccasions when mobile phones are forbidden.
5.Part 2 Describe a happyevent from your childhood that you remember well
6.Part2 Describe a café you like to go/Describeyour favorite cafe or restaurant.
7.Part 2 Describe your favorite movie/Describe aforeign film you enjoyed
8.Weather
Part 1 What type ofweather do you like? When are there best weather in China?What kind of weatheris suitable for work?How does weather affect people?
Part 2 Describe a weatheryou like /your favourite weather
9.Part 2 Describe a tallbuilding/an important/a modern building.
10.Part 2 Describe an interesting or unusual thingyou do in your spare time.
11.Part2Describe a useful website that you like to visit. (Or, that you have visited)
12.Part2 Describe a place where you often goswimimg/Describe a place near water/ Describe a historical attraction/Describea tourist attraction/Describe a seaside place you want to visit /Describe aninteresting place you would like to visit
13.Part2 Describe an important event in history in your country
14.Part 2Describe a good service provided by a restaurant or a company.
15.Part 2 Describe a special/difficultthing you did well.
16.Part 2 Describe a giftthat takes a long time to prepare/describe a gift that you want to give tosomeone.
17.Part 2 Describe a shop you like to go to
18.Part2 Describe a song/describe your favorite song /Describea song that has a special meaning to you.
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